ris3n's Apologetics Codex

Passage

Ruth 3.13-18

Book: Ruth · NASB95

Immediate context (±2 verses)

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ASV

11. And now, my daughter, fear not; I will do to thee all that thou sayest; for all the city of my people doth know that thou art a worthy woman. 12. And now it is true that I am a near kinsman; howbeit there is a kinsman nearer than I.

13. Tarry this night, and it shall be in the morning, that if he will perform unto thee the part of a kinsman, well; let him do the kinsman's part: but if he will not do the part of a kinsman to thee, then will I do the part of a kinsman to thee, as Jehovah liveth: lie down until the morning. 14. And she lay at his feet until the morning. And she rose up before one could discern another. For he said, Let it not be known that the woman came to the threshing-floor. 15. And he said, Bring the mantle that is upon thee, and hold it; and she held it; and he measured six measures of barley, and laid it on her: and he went into the city. 16. And when she came to her mother-in-law, she said, Who art thou, my daughter? And she told her all that the man had done to her. 17. And she said, These six measures of barley gave he me; for he said, Go not empty unto thy mother-in-law. 18. Then said she, Sit still, my daughter, until thou know how the matter will fall; for the man will not rest, until he have finished the thing this day. (Ruth 3:11-18, ASV)

WEB

11. Now, my daughter, don’t be afraid. I will do to you all that you say; for all the city of my people knows that you are a worthy woman. 12. Now it is true that I am a near kinsman. However, there is a kinsman nearer than I.

13. Stay this night, and in the morning, if he will perform for you the part of a kinsman, good. Let him do the kinsman’s duty. But if he will not do the duty of a kinsman for you, then I will do the duty of a kinsman for you, as Yahweh lives. Lie down until the morning.” 14. She lay at his feet until the morning, then she rose up before one could discern another. For he said, “Let it not be known that the woman came to the threshing floor.” 15. He said, “Bring the mantle that is on you, and hold it.” She held it; and he measured six measures of barley, and laid it on her; then he went into the city. 16. When she came to her mother-in-law, she said, “How did it go, my daughter?” She told her all that the man had done for her. 17. She said, “He gave me these six measures of barley; for he said, ‘Don’t go empty to your mother-in-law.’” 18. Then she said, “Wait, my daughter, until you know what will happen; for the man will not rest until he has settled this today.” (Ruth 3:11-18, WEB)

KJV

11. And now, my daughter, fear not; I will do to thee all that thou requirest: for all the city of my people doth know that thou art a virtuous woman. city: Heb. gate 12. And now it is true that I am thy near kinsman: howbeit there is a kinsman nearer than I.

13. Tarry this night, and it shall be in the morning, that if he will perform unto thee the part of a kinsman, well; let him do the kinsman's part: but if he will not do the part of a kinsman to thee, then will I do the part of a kinsman to thee, as the LORD liveth: lie down until the morning. 14. And she lay at his feet until the morning: and she rose up before one could know another. And he said, Let it not be known that a woman came into the floor. 15. Also he said, Bring the vail that thou hast upon thee, and hold it. And when she held it, he measured six measures of barley, and laid it on her: and she went into the city. vail: or, sheet, or, apron 16. And when she came to her mother in law, she said, Who art thou, my daughter? And she told her all that the man had done to her. 17. And she said, These six measures of barley gave he me; for he said to me, Go not empty unto thy mother in law. 18. Then said she, Sit still, my daughter, until thou know how the matter will fall: for the man will not be in rest, until he have finished the thing this day. (Ruth 3:11-18, KJV)

YLT

11. And now, my daughter, fear not, all that thou sayest I do to thee, for all the gate of my people doth know that thou [art] a virtuous woman. 12. And now, surely, true, that I [am] a redeemer, but also there is a redeemer nearer than I.

13. Lodge to night, and it hath been in the morning, if he doth redeem thee, well: he redeemeth; and if he delight not to redeem thee, then I have redeemed thee, I; Jehovah liveth! lie down till the morning.' 14. And she lieth down at his feet till the morning, and riseth before one doth discern another; and he saith, 'Let it not be known that the woman hath come into the floor.' 15. And he saith, 'Give the covering which [is] on thee, and keep hold on it;' and she keepeth hold on it, and he measureth six [measures] of barley, and layeth [it] on her; and he goeth into the city. 16. And she cometh in unto her mother-in-law, and she saith, 'Who [art] thou, my daughter?' and she declareth to her all that the man hath done to her. 17. And she saith, 'These six [measures] of barley he hath given to me, for he said, Thou dost not go in empty unto thy mother-in-law.' 18. And she saith, 'Sit still, my daughter, till thou dost know how the matter falleth, for the man doth not rest except he hath completed the matter to-day.' (Ruth 3:11-18, YLT)

Setting

  • Speaker: Boaz (3:13-15), then the narrator, Ruth, and Naomi (3:16-18)
  • Audience: Ruth at the threshing floor; then Naomi, when Ruth returns
  • Location: Boaz's threshing floor outside Bethlehem (3:2-3), and afterwards Naomi's home in the town
  • Time period: "in the days when the judges judged" (Ruth 1:1), at harvest time, with Boaz winnowing barley (3:2; compare 2:23). The book was written no earlier than David's time, since its genealogy ends with him (4:22).

Theological reading

"Tarry this night, and it shall be in the morning, that if he will perform unto thee the part of a kinsman, well; let him do the kinsman's part: but if he will not ... then will I do the part of a kinsman to thee, as Jehovah liveth." Ruth has asked Boaz to spread his skirt over her, "for thou art a near kinsman" (3:9). Boaz has agreed, but there is "a kinsman nearer than I" (3:12).

The kinsman's right. In 3:13 the KJV tags "kinsman" four times as Strong's H1350, gaʾal, to redeem or act as kinsman-redeemer. Boaz will not bypass the nearer man's right. He binds himself instead with an oath, "as Jehovah liveth," to act if the other does not. The matter is settled the next day at the gate, where the nearer kinsman declines: "take thou my right of redemption on thee; for I cannot redeem it" (4:6).

Protecting her name. Ruth lies at his feet until morning and leaves "before one could discern another," because Boaz says, "Let it not be known that the woman came to the threshing-floor" (3:14). He has just called her "a worthy woman" (3:11), the same Hebrew phrase as the "virtuous woman" of Proverbs 31:10 (the KJV tags both H2428 and H802). His caution guards that reputation.

Not empty. Boaz measures six measures of barley into her mantle (3:15), and Ruth reports his words: "Go not empty unto thy mother-in-law" (3:17). "Empty" is H7387, the word Naomi used of herself on returning from Moab: "Jehovah hath brought me home again empty" (1:21). The gift answers her complaint.

"The man will not rest." Naomi reads the sign: "Sit still, my daughter, until thou know how the matter will fall; for the man will not rest, until he have finished the thing this day" (3:18). She is right. The next chapter opens with Boaz at the gate (4:1).

Key words

Theologically-loaded Greek or Hebrew words in this verse may have entries in the lexicon. Curated to roughly 100 contested terms across the corpus, not every word.

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Notes

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Why these four translations

ris3n chose ASV, WEB, KJV, and YLT for two reasons together. They are the most literal English translations available (formal-equivalence: word-for-word renderings that preserve the Hebrew and Greek grammar rather than smoothing it into modern dynamic-equivalence idiom). And they are in the public domain in the United States, which means fair-use quotation at any length requires no publisher license. Modern licensed translations (NASB95, ESV, NIV) restrict volume of quotation under their copyright terms, so they are not used at stub-level coverage here. NASB95 appears only on hand-curated rich passage hubs under Lockman Foundation's fair-use allowance.

The four:

  • ASV (American Standard Version, 1901). The basis of the modern critical-text English tradition.
  • WEB (World English Bible, contemporary). Public-domain revision in the ASV line, in current English.
  • KJV (King James Version, 1611). Reformation-era, Textus Receptus base.
  • YLT (Young's Literal Translation, Robert Young, 1862). Hyper-literal preservation of Hebrew and Greek grammar; useful for word-study work even where English reads stiff.

See Bibles for the full per-translation history, translators, textual basis, strengths, and weaknesses.