Passage

Psalms 78

Book: Psalms · NASB95

Immediate context (±2 verses)

ASV (ASV)

"1. ^{Maschil of Asaph.} Give ear, O my people, to my law: Incline your ears to the words of my mouth. 2. I will open my mouth in a parable; I will utter dark sayings of old, 3. Which we have heard and known, And our fathers have told us. 4. We will not hide them from their children, Telling to the generation to come the praises of Jehovah, And his strength, and his wondrous works that he hath done. 5. For he established a testimony in Jacob, And appointed a law in Israel, Which he commanded our fathers, That they should make them known to their children; 6. That the generation to come might know them, even the children that should be born; Who should arise and tell them to their children, 7. That they might set their hope in God, And not forget the works of God, But keep his commandments, 8. And might not be as their fathers, A stubborn and rebellious generation, A generation that set not their heart aright, And whose spirit was not stedfast with God. 9. The children of Ephraim, being armed and carrying bows, Turned back in the day of battle. 10. They kept not the covenant of God, And refused to walk in his law; 11. And they forgat his doings, And his wondrous works that he had showed them. 12. Marvellous things did he in the sight of their fathers, In the land of Egypt, in the field of Zoan. 13. He clave the sea, and caused them to pass through; And he made the waters to stand as a heap. 14. In the day-time also he led them with a cloud, And all the night with a light of fire. 15. He clave rocks in the wilderness, And gave them drink abundantly as out of the depths. 16. He brought streams also out of the rock, And caused waters to run down like rivers. 17. Yet went they on still to sin against him, To rebel against the Most High in the desert. 18. And they tempted God in their heart By asking food according to their desire. 19. Yea, they spake against God; They said, Can God prepare a table in the wilderness? 20. Behold, he smote the rock, so that waters gushed out, And streams overflowed; Can he give bread also? Will he provide flesh for his people? 21. Therefore Jehovah heard, and was wroth; And a fire was kindled against Jacob, And anger also went up against Israel; 22. Because they believed not in God, And trusted not in his salvation. 23. Yet he commanded the skies above, And opened the doors of heaven; 24. And he rained down manna upon them to eat, And gave them food from heaven. 25. Man did eat the bread of the mighty: He sent them food to the full. 26. He caused the east wind to blow in the heavens; And by his power he guided the south wind. 27. He rained flesh also upon them as the dust, And winged birds as the sand of the seas: 28. And he let it fall in the midst of their camp, Round about their habitations. 29. So they did eat, and were well filled; And he gave them their own desire. 30. They were not estranged from that which they desired, Their food was yet in their mouths, 31. When the anger of God went up against them, And slew of the fattest of them, And smote down the young men of Israel. 32. For all this they sinned still, And believed not in his wondrous works. 33. Therefore their days did he consume in vanity, And their years in terror. 34. When he slew them, then they inquired after him; And they returned and sought God earnestly. 35. And they remembered that God was their rock, And the Most High God their redeemer. 36. But they flattered him with their mouth, And lied unto him with their tongue. 37. For their heart was not right with him, Neither were they faithful in his covenant. 38. But he, being merciful, forgave their iniquity, and destroyed them not: Yea, many a time turned he his anger away, And did not stir up all his wrath. 39. And he remembered that they were but flesh, A wind that passeth away, and cometh not again. 40. How oft did they rebel against him in the wilderness, And grieve him in the desert! 41. And they turned again and tempted God, And provoked the Holy One of Israel. 42. They remember not his hand, Nor the day when he redeemed them from the adversary; 43. How he set his signs in Egypt, And his wonders in the field of Zoan, 44. And turned their rivers into blood, And their streams, so that they could not drink. 45. He sent among them swarms of flies, which devoured them; And frogs, which destroyed them. 46. He gave also their increase unto the caterpillar, And their labor unto the locust. 47. He destroyed their vines with hail, And their sycomore-trees with frost. 48. He gave over their cattle also to the hail, And their flocks to hot thunderbolts. 49. He cast upon them the fierceness of his anger, Wrath, and indignation, and trouble, A band of angels of evil. 50. He made a path for his anger; He spared not their soul from death, But gave their life over to the pestilence, 51. And smote all the first-born in Egypt, The chief of their strength in the tents of Ham. 52. But he led forth his own people like sheep, And guided them in the wilderness like a flock. 53. And he led them safely, so that they feared not; But the sea overwhelmed their enemies. 54. And he brought them to the border of his sanctuary, To this mountain, which his right hand had gotten. 55. He drove out the nations also before them, And allotted them for an inheritance by line, And made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents. 56. Yet they tempted and rebelled against the Most High God, And kept not his testimonies; 57. But turned back, and dealt treacherously like their fathers: They were turned aside like a deceitful bow. 58. For they provoked him to anger with their high places, And moved him to jealousy with their graven images. 59. When God heard this, he was wroth, And greatly abhorred Israel; 60. So that he forsook the tabernacle of Shiloh, The tent which he placed among men; 61. And delivered his strength into captivity, And his glory into the adversary's hand. 62. He gave his people over also unto the sword, And was wroth with his inheritance. 63. Fire devoured their young men; And their virgins had no marriage-song. 64. Their priests fell by the sword; And their widows made no lamentation. 65. Then the Lord awaked as one out of sleep, Like a mighty man that shouteth by reason of wine. 66. And he smote his adversaries backward: He put them to a perpetual reproach. 67. Moreover he refused the tent of Joseph, And chose not the tribe of Ephraim, 68. But chose the tribe of Judah, The mount Zion which he loved. 69. And he built his sanctuary like the heights, Like the earth which he hath established for ever. 70. He chose David also his servant, And took him from the sheepfolds: 71. From following the ewes that have their young he brought him, To be the shepherd of Jacob his people, and Israel his inheritance. 72. So he was their shepherd according to the integrity of his heart, And guided them by the skilfulness of his hands." (Psalms 78:1-72, ASV)

WEB (WEB)

"1. A contemplation by Asaph. Hear my teaching, my people. Turn your ears to the words of my mouth. 2. I will open my mouth in a parable. I will utter dark sayings of old, 3. Which we have heard and known, and our fathers have told us. 4. We will not hide them from their children, telling to the generation to come the praises of Yahweh, his strength, and his wondrous deeds that he has done. 5. For he established a testimony in Jacob, and appointed a teaching in Israel, which he commanded our fathers, that they should make them known to their children; 6. that the generation to come might know, even the children who should be born; who should arise and tell their children, 7. that they might set their hope in God, and not forget God’s deeds, but keep his commandments, 8. and might not be as their fathers, a stubborn and rebellious generation, a generation that didn’t make their hearts loyal, whose spirit was not steadfast with God. 9. The children of Ephraim, being armed and carrying bows, turned back in the day of battle. 10. They didn’t keep God’s covenant, and refused to walk in his law. 11. They forgot his doings, his wondrous deeds that he had shown them. 12. He did marvelous things in the sight of their fathers, in the land of Egypt, in the field of Zoan. 13. He split the sea, and caused them to pass through. He made the waters stand as a heap. 14. In the daytime he also led them with a cloud, and all night with a light of fire. 15. He split rocks in the wilderness, and gave them drink abundantly as out of the depths. 16. He brought streams also out of the rock, and caused waters to run down like rivers. 17. Yet they still went on to sin against him, to rebel against the Most High in the desert. 18. They tempted God in their heart by asking food according to their desire. 19. Yes, they spoke against God. They said, “Can God prepare a table in the wilderness? 20. Behold, he struck the rock, so that waters gushed out, and streams overflowed. Can he give bread also? Will he provide meat for his people?” 21. Therefore Yahweh heard, and was angry. A fire was kindled against Jacob, anger also went up against Israel, 22. because they didn’t believe in God, and didn’t trust in his salvation. 23. Yet he commanded the skies above, and opened the doors of heaven. 24. He rained down manna on them to eat, and gave them food from the sky. 25. Man ate the bread of angels. He sent them food to the full. 26. He caused the east wind to blow in the sky. By his power he guided the south wind. 27. He rained also meat on them as the dust; winged birds as the sand of the seas. 28. He let them fall in the middle of their camp, around their habitations. 29. So they ate, and were well filled. He gave them their own desire. 30. They didn’t turn from their cravings. Their food was yet in their mouths, 31. when the anger of God went up against them, killed some of their fattest, and struck down the young men of Israel. 32. For all this they still sinned, and didn’t believe in his wondrous works. 33. Therefore he consumed their days in vanity, and their years in terror. 34. When he killed them, then they inquired after him. They returned and sought God earnestly. 35. They remembered that God was their rock, the Most High God, their redeemer. 36. But they flattered him with their mouth, and lied to him with their tongue. 37. For their heart was not right with him, neither were they faithful in his covenant. 38. But he, being merciful, forgave iniquity, and didn’t destroy them. Yes, many times he turned his anger away, and didn’t stir up all his wrath. 39. He remembered that they were but flesh, a wind that passes away, and doesn’t come again. 40. How often they rebelled against him in the wilderness, and grieved him in the desert! 41. They turned again and tempted God, and provoked the Holy One of Israel. 42. They didn’t remember his hand, nor the day when he redeemed them from the adversary; 43. how he set his signs in Egypt, his wonders in the field of Zoan, 44. he turned their rivers into blood, and their streams, so that they could not drink. 45. He sent among them swarms of flies, which devoured them; and frogs, which destroyed them. 46. He gave also their increase to the caterpillar, and their labor to the locust. 47. He destroyed their vines with hail, their sycamore fig trees with frost. 48. He gave over their livestock also to the hail, and their flocks to hot thunderbolts. 49. He threw on them the fierceness of his anger, wrath, indignation, and trouble, and a band of angels of evil. 50. He made a path for his anger. He didn’t spare their soul from death, but gave their life over to the pestilence, 51. and struck all the firstborn in Egypt, the chief of their strength in the tents of Ham. 52. But he led out his own people like sheep, and guided them in the wilderness like a flock. 53. He led them safely, so that they weren’t afraid, but the sea overwhelmed their enemies. 54. He brought them to the border of his sanctuary, to this mountain, which his right hand had taken. 55. He also drove out the nations before them, allotted them for an inheritance by line, and made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents. 56. Yet they tempted and rebelled against the Most High God, and didn’t keep his testimonies; 57. but turned back, and dealt treacherously like their fathers. They were turned aside like a deceitful bow. 58. For they provoked him to anger with their high places, and moved him to jealousy with their engraved images. 59. When God heard this, he was angry, and greatly abhorred Israel; 60. So that he abandoned the tent of Shiloh, the tent which he placed among men; 61. and delivered his strength into captivity, his glory into the adversary’s hand. 62. He also gave his people over to the sword, and was angry with his inheritance. 63. Fire devoured their young men. Their virgins had no wedding song. 64. Their priests fell by the sword, and their widows couldn’t weep. 65. Then the Lord awakened as one out of sleep, like a mighty man who shouts by reason of wine. 66. He struck his adversaries backward. He put them to a perpetual reproach. 67. Moreover he rejected the tent of Joseph, and didn’t choose the tribe of Ephraim, 68. But chose the tribe of Judah, Mount Zion which he loved. 69. He built his sanctuary like the heights, like the earth which he has established forever. 70. He also chose David his servant, and took him from the sheepfolds; 71. from following the ewes that have their young, he brought him to be the shepherd of Jacob, his people, and Israel, his inheritance. 72. So he was their shepherd according to the integrity of his heart, and guided them by the skillfulness of his hands." (Psalms 78:1-72, WEB)

KJV (KJV)

"1. Maschil of Asaph. Give ear, O my people, to my law: incline your ears to the words of my mouth. ^{Maschil: or, A Psalm for Asaph to give instruction} 2. I will open my mouth in a parable: I will utter dark sayings of old: 3. Which we have heard and known, and our fathers have told us. 4. We will not hide them from their children, shewing to the generation to come the praises of the LORD, and his strength, and his wonderful works that he hath done. 5. For he established a testimony in Jacob, and appointed a law in Israel, which he commanded our fathers, that they should make them known to their children: 6. That the generation to come might know them, even the children which should be born; who should arise and declare them to their children: 7. That they might set their hope in God, and not forget the works of God, but keep his commandments: 8. And might not be as their fathers, a stubborn and rebellious generation; a generation that set not their heart aright, and whose spirit was not stedfast with God. ^{that: Heb. that prepared not their heart} 9. The children of Ephraim, being armed, and carrying bows, turned back in the day of battle. ^{carrying: Heb. throwing forth} 10. They kept not the covenant of God, and refused to walk in his law; 11. And forgat his works, and his wonders that he had shewed them. 12. Marvellous things did he in the sight of their fathers, in the land of Egypt, in the field of Zoan. 13. He divided the sea, and caused them to pass through; and he made the waters to stand as an heap. 14. In the daytime also he led them with a cloud, and all the night with a light of fire. 15. He clave the rocks in the wilderness, and gave them drink as out of the great depths. 16. He brought streams also out of the rock, and caused waters to run down like rivers. 17. And they sinned yet more against him by provoking the most High in the wilderness. 18. And they tempted God in their heart by asking meat for their lust. 19. Yea, they spake against God; they said, Can God furnish a table in the wilderness? ^{furnish: Heb. order} 20. Behold, he smote the rock, that the waters gushed out, and the streams overflowed; can he give bread also? can he provide flesh for his people? 21. Therefore the LORD heard this, and was wroth: so a fire was kindled against Jacob, and anger also came up against Israel; 22. Because they believed not in God, and trusted not in his salvation: 23. Though he had commanded the clouds from above, and opened the doors of heaven, 24. And had rained down manna upon them to eat, and had given them of the corn of heaven. 25. Man did eat angels' food: he sent them meat to the full. ^{Man: or, Every one did eat the bread of the mighty} 26. He caused an east wind to blow in the heaven: and by his power he brought in the south wind. ^{to blow: Heb. to go} 27. He rained flesh also upon them as dust, and feathered fowls like as the sand of the sea: ^{feathered: Heb. fowl of wing} 28. And he let it fall in the midst of their camp, round about their habitations. 29. So they did eat, and were well filled: for he gave them their own desire; 30. They were not estranged from their lust. But while their meat was yet in their mouths, 31. The wrath of God came upon them, and slew the fattest of them, and smote down the chosen men of Israel. ^{smote: Heb. made to bow} ^{Chosen: or, young men} 32. For all this they sinned still, and believed not for his wondrous works. 33. Therefore their days did he consume in vanity, and their years in trouble. 34. When he slew them, then they sought him: and they returned and enquired early after God. 35. And they remembered that God was their rock, and the high God their redeemer. 36. Nevertheless they did flatter him with their mouth, and they lied unto him with their tongues. 37. For their heart was not right with him, neither were they stedfast in his covenant. 38. But he, being full of compassion, forgave their iniquity, and destroyed them not: yea, many a time turned he his anger away, and did not stir up all his wrath. 39. For he remembered that they were but flesh; a wind that passeth away, and cometh not again. 40. How oft did they provoke him in the wilderness, and grieve him in the desert! ^{provoke: or, rebel against} 41. Yea, they turned back and tempted God, and limited the Holy One of Israel. 42. They remembered not his hand, nor the day when he delivered them from the enemy. ^{from: or, from affliction} 43. How he had wrought his signs in Egypt, and his wonders in the field of Zoan: ^{wrought: Heb. set} 44. And had turned their rivers into blood; and their floods, that they could not drink. 45. He sent divers sorts of flies among them, which devoured them; and frogs, which destroyed them. 46. He gave also their increase unto the caterpiller, and their labour unto the locust. 47. He destroyed their vines with hail, and their sycomore trees with frost. ^{destroyed: Heb. killed} ^{frost: or, great hailstones} 48. He gave up their cattle also to the hail, and their flocks to hot thunderbolts. ^{gave: Heb. shut up} ^{hot: or, lightnings} 49. He cast upon them the fierceness of his anger, wrath, and indignation, and trouble, by sending evil angels among them. 50. He made a way to his anger; he spared not their soul from death, but gave their life over to the pestilence; ^{He made: Heb. He weighed a path} ^{life: or, beasts to the murrain} 51. And smote all the firstborn in Egypt; the chief of their strength in the tabernacles of Ham: 52. But made his own people to go forth like sheep, and guided them in the wilderness like a flock. 53. And he led them on safely, so that they feared not: but the sea overwhelmed their enemies. ^{overwhelmed: Heb. covered} 54. And he brought them to the border of his sanctuary, even to this mountain, which his right hand had purchased. 55. He cast out the heathen also before them, and divided them an inheritance by line, and made the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents. 56. Yet they tempted and provoked the most high God, and kept not his testimonies: 57. But turned back, and dealt unfaithfully like their fathers: they were turned aside like a deceitful bow. 58. For they provoked him to anger with their high places, and moved him to jealousy with their graven images. 59. When God heard this, he was wroth, and greatly abhorred Israel: 60. So that he forsook the tabernacle of Shiloh, the tent which he placed among men; 61. And delivered his strength into captivity, and his glory into the enemy's hand. 62. He gave his people over also unto the sword; and was wroth with his inheritance. 63. The fire consumed their young men; and their maidens were not given to marriage. ^{given: Heb. praised} 64. Their priests fell by the sword; and their widows made no lamentation. 65. Then the Lord awaked as one out of sleep, and like a mighty man that shouteth by reason of wine. 66. And he smote his enemies in the hinder parts: he put them to a perpetual reproach. 67. Moreover he refused the tabernacle of Joseph, and chose not the tribe of Ephraim: 68. But chose the tribe of Judah, the mount Zion which he loved. 69. And he built his sanctuary like high palaces, like the earth which he hath established for ever. ^{established: Heb. founded} 70. He chose David also his servant, and took him from the sheepfolds: 71. From following the ewes great with young he brought him to feed Jacob his people, and Israel his inheritance. ^{following: Heb. after} 72. So he fed them according to the integrity of his heart; and guided them by the skilfulness of his hands." (Psalms 78:1-72, KJV)

YLT (YLT)

"1. An Instruction of Asaph. Give ear, O my people, to my law, Incline your ear to sayings of my mouth. 2. I open with a simile my mouth, I bring forth hidden things of old, 3. That we have heard and do know, And our fathers have recounted to us. 4. We do not hide from their sons, To a later generation recounting praises of Jehovah, And His strength, and His wonders that He hath done. 5. And He raiseth up a testimony in Jacob, And a law hath placed in Israel, That He commanded our fathers, To make them known to their sons. 6. So that a later generation doth know, Sons who are born, do rise and recount to their sons, 7. And place in God their confidence, And forget not the doings of God, But keep His commands. 8. And they are not like their fathers, A generation apostate and rebellious, A generation! it hath not prepared its heart, Nor stedfast with God [is] its spirit. 9. Sons of Ephraim, armed bearers of bow, Have turned in a day of conflict. 10. They have not kept the covenant of God, And in His law they have refused to walk, 11. And they forget His doings, And His wonders that He shewed them. 12. Before their fathers He hath done wonders, In the land of Egypt, the field of Zoan. 13. He cleft a sea, and causeth them to pass over, Yea, He causeth waters to stand as a heap. 14. And leadeth them with a cloud by day, And all the night with a light of fire. 15. He cleaveth rocks in a wilderness, And giveth drink, as the great deep. 16. And bringeth out streams from a rock, And causeth waters to come down as rivers. 17. And they add still to sin against Him, To provoke the Most High in the dry place. 18. And they try God in their heart, To ask food for their lust. 19. And they speak against God, they said: 'Is God able to array a table in a wilderness?' 20. Lo, He hath smitten a rock, And waters flow, yea, streams overflow. 'Also, bread [is] He able to give? Doth He prepare flesh for His people?' 21. Therefore hath Jehovah heard, And He sheweth Himself wroth, And fire hath been kindled against Jacob, And anger also hath gone up against Israel, 22. For they have not believed in God, Nor have they trusted in His salvation. 23. And He commandeth clouds from above, Yea, doors of the heavens He hath opened. 24. And He raineth on them manna to eat, Yea, corn of heaven He hath given to them. 25. Food of the mighty hath each eaten, Venison He sent to them to satiety. 26. He causeth an east wind to journey in the heavens, And leadeth by His strength a south wind, 27. And He raineth on them flesh as dust, And as sand of the seas, winged fowl, 28. And causeth [it] to fall in the midst of His camp, Round about His tabernacles. 29. And they eat, and are greatly satisfied, And their desire He bringeth to them. 30. They have not been estranged from their desire, Yet [is] their food in their mouth, 31. And the anger of God hath gone up against them, And He slayeth among their fat ones, And youths of Israel He caused to bend. 32. With all this they have sinned again, And have not believed in His wonders. 33. And He consumeth in vanity their days, And their years in trouble. 34. If He slew them, then they sought Him, And turned back, and sought God earnestly, 35. And they remember that God [is] their rock, And God Most High their redeemer. 36. And, they deceive Him with their mouth, And with their tongue do lie to Him, 37. And their heart hath not been right with Him, And they have not been stedfast in His covenant. 38. And He, the Merciful One, Pardoneth iniquity, and destroyeth not, And hath often turned back His anger, And waketh not up all His fury. 39. And He remembereth that they [are] flesh, A wind going on, and it returneth not. 40. How often do they provoke Him in the wilderness, Grieve Him in the desolate place? 41. Yea, they turn back, and try God, And the Holy One of Israel have limited. 42. They have not remembered His hand The day He ransomed them from the adversary. 43. When He set His signs in Egypt, And His wonders in the field of Zoan, 44. And He turneth to blood their streams, And their floods they drink not. 45. He sendeth among them the beetle, and it consumeth them, And the frog, and it destroyeth them, 46. And giveth to the caterpillar their increase, And their labour to the locust. 47. He destroyeth with hail their vine, And their sycamores with frost, 48. And delivereth up to the hail their beasts, And their cattle to the burning flames. 49. He sendeth on them the fury of His anger, Wrath, and indignation, and distress, A discharge of evil messengers. 50. He pondereth a path for His anger, He kept not back their soul from death, Yea, their life to the pestilence He delivered up. 51. And He smiteth every first-born in Egypt, The first-fruit of the strong in tents of Ham. 52. And causeth His people to journey as a flock, And guideth them as a drove in a wilderness, 53. And He leadeth them confidently, And they have not been afraid, And their enemies hath the sea covered. 54. And He bringeth them in unto the border of His sanctuary, This mountain His right hand had got, 55. And casteth out nations from before them, And causeth them to fall in the line of inheritance, And causeth the tribes of Israel to dwell in their tents, 56. And they tempt and provoke God Most High, And His testimonies have not kept. 57. And they turn back, And deal treacherously like their fathers, They have been turned like a deceitful bow, 58. And make Him angry with their high places, And with their graven images make Him zealous, 59. God hath heard, and sheweth Himself wroth. And kicketh exceedingly against Israel. 60. And He leaveth the tabernacle of Shiloh, The tent He had placed among men, 61. And He giveth His strength to captivity, And His beauty into the hand of an adversary, 62. And delivereth up to the sword His people, And with His inheritance shewed Himself angry. 63. His young men hath fire consumed, And His virgins have not been praised. 64. His priests by the sword have fallen, And their widows weep not. 65. And the Lord waketh as a sleeper, As a mighty one crying aloud from wine. 66. And He smiteth His adversaries backward, A reproach age-during He hath put on them, 67. And He kicketh against the tent of Joseph, And on the tribe of Ephraim hath not fixed. 68. And He chooseth the tribe of Judah, With mount Zion that He loved, 69. And buildeth His sanctuary as a high place, Like the earth, He founded it to the age. 70. And He fixeth on David His servant, And taketh him from the folds of a flock, 71. From behind suckling ones He hath brought him in, To rule over Jacob His people, And over Israel His inheritance. 72. And he ruleth them according to the integrity of his heart, And by the skilfulness of his hands leadeth them!" (Psalms 78:1-72, YLT)

Setting

Speaker: TBD
Audience: TBD
Location: TBD
Time period: TBD

Theological reading

Patristic / early-church-father exegesis, to be added.

Key words

Theologically-loaded Greek or Hebrew words in this verse may have entries in the lexicon. Curated to roughly 100 contested terms across the corpus, not every word; see Lexicon Roadmap.

TBD
TBD
TBD
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Quoted in

G2433 - hilaskomai

Why these four translations

ris3n chose ASV, WEB, KJV, and YLT for two reasons together. They are the most literal English translations available (formal-equivalence: word-for-word renderings that preserve the Hebrew and Greek grammar rather than smoothing it into modern dynamic-equivalence idiom). And they are in the public domain in the United States, which means fair-use quotation at any length requires no publisher license. Modern licensed translations (NASB95, ESV, NIV) restrict volume of quotation under their copyright terms, so they are not used at stub-level coverage here. NASB95 appears only on hand-curated rich passage hubs under Lockman Foundation's fair-use allowance.

The four:

ASV (American Standard Version, 1901). The basis of the modern critical-text English tradition.
WEB (World English Bible, contemporary). Public-domain revision in the ASV line, in current English.
KJV (King James Version, 1611). Reformation-era, Textus Receptus base.
YLT (Young's Literal Translation, Robert Young, 1862). Hyper-literal preservation of Hebrew and Greek grammar; useful for word-study work even where English reads stiff.

See Bibles for the full per-translation history, translators, textual basis, strengths, and weaknesses.