ris3n's Apologetics Codex
Philippians 4.21
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Passage

Philippians 4.21

Book: Philippians · NASB95

Immediate context (±2 verses)

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ASV

19. And my God shall supply every need of yours according to his riches in glory in Christ Jesus. 20. Now unto our God and Father be the glory for ever and ever. Amen.

21. Salute every saint in Christ Jesus. The brethren that are with me salute you.

  1. All the saints salute you, especially they that are of Cæsar's household. 23. The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit. (Philippians 4:19-23, ASV)
WEB

19. My God will supply every need of yours according to his riches in glory in Christ Jesus. 20. Now to our God and Father be the glory forever and ever! Amen.

21. Greet every saint in Christ Jesus. The brothers who are with me greet you.

  1. All the saints greet you, especially those who are of Caesar’s household. 23. The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen. (Philippians 4:19-23, WEB)
KJV

19. But my God shall supply all your need according to his riches in glory by Christ Jesus. 20. Now unto God and our Father be glory for ever and ever. Amen.

21. Salute every saint in Christ Jesus. The brethren which are with me greet you.

  1. All the saints salute you, chiefly they that are of Caesar's household. 23. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen. To the Philippians written from Rome, by Epaphroditus. (Philippians 4:19-23, KJV)
YLT

19. and my God shall supply all your need, according to His riches in glory in Christ Jesus; 20. and to God, even our Father, [is] the glory, to the ages of the ages. Amen.

21. Salute ye every saint in Christ Jesus; there salute you the brethren with me;

  1. there salute you all the saints, and specially those of Caesar's house; 23. the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ [is] with you all. Amen. (Philippians 4:19-23, YLT)

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Setting

  • Speaker: Paul the Apostle, writing with Timothy named as co-sender (Philippians 1:1).
  • Audience: The Church at Philippi, in a Roman colony of Macedonia (Acts 16:12), founded on the mission narrated in Acts 16 and addressed with its bishops and deacons (Philippians 1:1). The church had sent Paul a gift by Epaphroditus (Philippians 2:25-30, 4:18). The verse opens the final greetings of the letter (Philippians 4:21-23), after Paul's thanks for the church's gift.
  • Location: Written from imprisonment (Philippians 1:7, 1:13). The place is debated: Rome is the traditional identification, and Ephesus and Caesarea are proposed as alternatives.
  • Time period: Depends on the imprisonment: c. AD 60-62 if Rome, c. AD 57-59 if Caesarea, the mid-50s if Ephesus.

Theological reading

"Every saint" is individual. "Salute every saint in Christ Jesus" (Philippians 4:21, ASV). The Greek uses the singular, panta hagion, "every saint," rather than "all the saints." In a letter that has had to address a disagreement (4:2-3), the greeting reaches each member one by one, and none is left out.

"Saint" describes standing, not achievement. "Saint" is hagios (G40), "holy one." Paul addressed the whole church at the start as "all the saints in Christ Jesus that are at Philippi" (Philippians 1:1, ASV). The qualifier "in Christ Jesus" grounds their holiness in their union with Christ, the same phrase that runs through the letter.

Paul's companions join the greeting. "The brethren that are with me salute you" (Philippians 4:21, ASV). The verb aspazomai (G782) is the standard word for sending greetings. The letter does not name these companions; Timothy, the co-sender (1:1), is described in 2:19-22 as one who will "care truly for your state" (Philippians 2:20, ASV), but the wider circle is not identified.

Key words

Theologically-loaded Greek or Hebrew words in this verse may have entries in the lexicon. Curated to roughly 100 contested terms across the corpus, not every word.

Notes

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Why these four translations

ris3n chose ASV, WEB, KJV, and YLT for two reasons together. They are the most literal English translations available (formal-equivalence: word-for-word renderings that preserve the Hebrew and Greek grammar rather than smoothing it into modern dynamic-equivalence idiom). And they are in the public domain in the United States, which means fair-use quotation at any length requires no publisher license. Modern licensed translations (NASB95, ESV, NIV) restrict volume of quotation under their copyright terms, so they are not used at stub-level coverage here. NASB95 appears only on hand-curated rich passage hubs under Lockman Foundation's fair-use allowance.

The four:

  • ASV (American Standard Version, 1901). The basis of the modern critical-text English tradition.
  • WEB (World English Bible, contemporary). Public-domain revision in the ASV line, in current English.
  • KJV (King James Version, 1611). Reformation-era, Textus Receptus base.
  • YLT (Young's Literal Translation, Robert Young, 1862). Hyper-literal preservation of Hebrew and Greek grammar; useful for word-study work even where English reads stiff.

See Bibles for the full per-translation history, translators, textual basis, strengths, and weaknesses.