Passage

Nehemiah 10.14

Book: Nehemiah · NASB95

Immediate context (±2 verses)

ASV

12. Zaccur, Sherebiah, Shebaniah, 13. Hodiah, Bani, Beninu.

14. The chiefs of the people: Parosh, Pahath-moab, Elam, Zattu, Bani,

Bunni, Azgad, Bebai, 16. Adonijah, Bigvai, Adin, (Nehemiah 10:12-16, ASV)

WEB

12. Zaccur, Sherebiah, Shebaniah, 13. Hodiah, Bani, and Beninu.

14. The chiefs of the people: Parosh, Pahathmoab, Elam, Zattu, Bani,

Bunni, Azgad, Bebai, 16. Adonijah, Bigvai, Adin, (Nehemiah 10:12-16, WEB)

KJV

12. Zaccur, Sherebiah, Shebaniah, 13. Hodijah, Bani, Beninu.

14. The chief of the people; Parosh, Pahathmoab, Elam, Zatthu, Bani,

Bunni, Azgad, Bebai, 16. Adonijah, Bigvai, Adin, (Nehemiah 10:12-16, KJV)

YLT

12. Zaccur, Sherebiah, Shebaniah, 13. Hodijah, Bani, Beninu.

14. Heads of the people: Parosh, Pahath-Moab, Elam, Zatthu, Bani,

Bunni, Azgad, Bebai, 16. Adonijah, Bigvai, Adin, (Nehemiah 10:12-16, YLT)

See this page's graph and discover linked topics

Setting

Speaker: the narrator, listing "those that sealed" the covenant (Nehemiah 10:1)
Audience: the readers; the covenant was made before God by the whole community (Nehemiah 9:38; 10:28-29)
Location: Jerusalem
Time period: the seventh month of the year the wall was finished (Nehemiah 6:15; 7:73), c. 445 BC

Theological reading

After the priests (Nehemiah 10:1-8) and Levites (10:9-13) come "the chiefs of the people," beginning with Parosh, Pahath-moab, Elam, Zattu and Bani. These are family names from the register of the first return, where the children of Parosh, Pahath-moab, Elam, Zattu and Bani are counted (Ezra 2:3-10; compare Nehemiah 7:8-15). A family head sealed for his house, almost a century after his clan came back from Babylon.

The covenant they sealed is specific. They "entered into a curse, and into an oath, to walk in God's law, which was given by Moses" (10:29). They pledged no intermarriage with the peoples of the land (10:30), no trading on the sabbath, the seventh-year release of land and debts (10:31), and support for the temple, ending "we will not forsake the house of our God" (10:39).

The list matters because the covenant is personal. These are named men who put their seal to particular obligations, and Nehemiah 13 later holds the community to the same points: the temple's support (13:10-11), the sabbath (13:15-22) and marriage (13:23-27).

Key words

Theologically-loaded Greek or Hebrew words in this verse may have entries in the lexicon. Curated to roughly 100 contested terms across the corpus, not every word.

H7218 - rosh, rosh, Strong's H7218

Notes

Your annotations.

Why these four translations

ris3n chose ASV, WEB, KJV, and YLT for two reasons together. They are the most literal English translations available (formal-equivalence: word-for-word renderings that preserve the Hebrew and Greek grammar rather than smoothing it into modern dynamic-equivalence idiom). And they are in the public domain in the United States, which means fair-use quotation at any length requires no publisher license. Modern licensed translations (NASB95, ESV, NIV) restrict volume of quotation under their copyright terms, so they are not used at stub-level coverage here. NASB95 appears only on hand-curated rich passage hubs under Lockman Foundation's fair-use allowance.

The four:

ASV (American Standard Version, 1901). The basis of the modern critical-text English tradition.
WEB (World English Bible, contemporary). Public-domain revision in the ASV line, in current English.
KJV (King James Version, 1611). Reformation-era, Textus Receptus base.
YLT (Young's Literal Translation, Robert Young, 1862). Hyper-literal preservation of Hebrew and Greek grammar; useful for word-study work even where English reads stiff.

See Bibles for the full per-translation history, translators, textual basis, strengths, and weaknesses.