Passage

Leviticus 11.13-19

Book: Leviticus · NASB95

Immediate context (±2 verses)

ASV (ASV)

"11. and they shall be an abomination unto you; ye shall not eat of their flesh, and their carcasses ye shall have in abomination. 12. Whatsoever hath no fins nor scales in the waters, that is an abomination unto you."

"13. And these ye shall have in abomination among the birds; they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle, and the gier-eagle, and the ospray, 14. and the kite, and the falcon after its kind, 15. every raven after its kind, 16. and the ostrich, and the night-hawk, and the sea-mew, and the hawk after its kind, 17. and the little owl, and the cormorant, and the great owl, 18. and the horned owl, and the pelican, and the vulture, 19. and the stork, the heron after its kind, and the hoopoe, and the bat."

"20. All winged creeping things that go upon all fours are an abomination unto you. 21. Yet these may ye eat of all winged creeping things that go upon all fours, which have legs above their feet, wherewith to leap upon the earth." (Leviticus 11:11-21, ASV)

WEB (WEB)

"11. and you detest them. You shall not eat of their meat, and you shall detest their carcasses. 12. Whatever has no fins nor scales in the waters, that is an abomination to you."

"13. “‘These you shall detest among the birds; they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle, and the vulture, and the black vulture, 14. and the red kite, any kind of black kite, 15. any kind of raven, 16. the horned owl, the screech owl, and the gull, any kind of hawk, 17. the little owl, the cormorant, the great owl, 18. the white owl, the desert owl, the osprey, 19. the stork, any kind of heron, the hoopoe, and the bat."

"20. “‘All flying insects that walk on all fours are an abomination to you. 21. Yet you may eat these: of all winged creeping things that go on all fours, which have legs above their feet, with which to hop on the earth." (Leviticus 11:11-21, WEB)

KJV (KJV)

"11. They shall be even an abomination unto you; ye shall not eat of their flesh, but ye shall have their carcases in abomination. 12. Whatsoever hath no fins nor scales in the waters, that shall be an abomination unto you."

"13. And these are they which ye shall have in abomination among the fowls; they shall not be eaten, they are an abomination: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray, 14. And the vulture, and the kite after his kind; 15. Every raven after his kind; 16. And the owl, and the night hawk, and the cuckow, and the hawk after his kind, 17. And the little owl, and the cormorant, and the great owl, 18. And the swan, and the pelican, and the gier eagle, 19. And the stork, the heron after her kind, and the lapwing, and the bat."

"20. All fowls that creep, going upon all four, shall be an abomination unto you. 21. Yet these may ye eat of every flying creeping thing that goeth upon all four, which have legs above their feet, to leap withal upon the earth;" (Leviticus 11:11-21, KJV)

YLT (YLT)

"11. yea, an abomination they are to you; of their flesh ye do not eat, and their carcase ye abominate. 12. 'Any one that hath not fins and scales in the waters, an abomination it [is] to you."

"13. 'And these ye do abominate of the fowl; they are not eaten, an abomination they [are]: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray, 14. and the vulture, and the kite after its kind, 15. every raven after its kind, 16. and the owl, and the night-hawk, and the cuckoo, and the hawk after its kind, 17. and the little owl, and the cormorant, and the great owl, 18. and the swan, and the pelican, and the gier eagle, 19. and the stork, the heron after its kind, and the lapwing, and the bat."

"20. 'Every teeming creature which is flying, which is going on four, an abomination it [is] to you. 21. 'Only, this ye do eat of any teeming thing which is flying, which is going on four, which hath legs above its feet, to move with them on the earth;" (Leviticus 11:11-21, YLT)

Setting

Speaker: TBD
Audience: TBD
Location: TBD
Time period: TBD

Theological reading

Patristic / early-church-father exegesis, to be added.

Key words

Theologically-loaded Greek or Hebrew words in this verse may have entries in the lexicon. Curated to roughly 100 contested terms across the corpus, not every word; see Lexicon Roadmap.

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Quoted in

Why these four translations

ris3n chose ASV, WEB, KJV, and YLT for two reasons together. They are the most literal English translations available (formal-equivalence: word-for-word renderings that preserve the Hebrew and Greek grammar rather than smoothing it into modern dynamic-equivalence idiom). And they are in the public domain in the United States, which means fair-use quotation at any length requires no publisher license. Modern licensed translations (NASB95, ESV, NIV) restrict volume of quotation under their copyright terms, so they are not used at stub-level coverage here. NASB95 appears only on hand-curated rich passage hubs under Lockman Foundation's fair-use allowance.

The four:

ASV (American Standard Version, 1901). The basis of the modern critical-text English tradition.
WEB (World English Bible, contemporary). Public-domain revision in the ASV line, in current English.
KJV (King James Version, 1611). Reformation-era, Textus Receptus base.
YLT (Young's Literal Translation, Robert Young, 1862). Hyper-literal preservation of Hebrew and Greek grammar; useful for word-study work even where English reads stiff.

See Bibles for the full per-translation history, translators, textual basis, strengths, and weaknesses.