Lexicon
G2920 - krisis
Strong's: G2920 · BLB lookup Pronunciation: kree'-sis Part of speech: feminine noun Root: from krinō (G2919), "to separate / decide / judge" LXX equivalent: renders Hebrew mishpat (judgment / justice, H4941) and din (lawsuit / judgment) NT occurrences: 47
Semantic range
Sponsored
- Judgment, decision, verdict, the act of judging
- Justice, righteousness in some contexts (parallel to Hebrew mishpat)
- The eschatological judgment, the dominant theological sense
- Tribunal, court in some contexts
Theological force, divine judgment
The most theologically loaded use is the eschatological / divine judgment, God's final assessment of all persons, and the corresponding verdict (life or condemnation).
The general / final judgment
- Matthew 10:15; 11:22, 24; 12:36, 41-42, "hēmera kriseōs", the day of judgment
- Matthew 25:31-46, the sheep and goats; final judgment of nations
- John 5:22, 27, 29-30, "the Father has given all krisin to the Son", Christ as the final Judge
- Acts 17:31, God "has fixed a day in which He will judge the world in righteousness through a Man"
- 2 Peter 2:4, 9; 3:7, eschatological krisis
- 1 John 4:17, confidence in the day of judgment
- Hebrews 9:27; 10:27, "appointed for men to die once and after this comes krisis"
- Revelation 14:7; 16:7; 19:2, angels announcing the hour of krisis; declarations that God's krisis is true and righteous
Christ as Judge
The NT pattern: Christ Himself is the Final Judge:
- John 5:22-27, "the Father has given all judgment to the Son"
- John 9:39, "for krisin I came into this world"
- Acts 10:42, Peter: "He is the One who has been appointed by God as Judge of the living and the dead"
- 2 Timothy 4:1, 8, Christ Jesus "who is to judge the living and the dead"
- 2 Corinthians 5:10, "we must all appear before the bēmatos of Christ"
- James 5:9, "the Judge is standing right at the door"
This is one of the strong NT proofs of Christ's deity, only God judges; Christ judges; therefore Christ is divine.
Two outcomes of judgment
- Krisis zōēs, judgment of life (John 5:29), the saved
- Krisis kriseōs, judgment of judgment / condemnation (John 5:29), the unsaved
- Believers: assured of verdict; no condemnation (Romans 8:1)
- Unbelievers: face condemnation in krisis
Justice / mishpat / krisis
Following the Hebrew mishpat, krisis often carries the sense of "justice":
- Matthew 23:23, "the weightier provisions of the Law: krisin, mercy, and faithfulness"
- Luke 11:42, parallel: "neglect krisin and the love of God"
- Matthew 12:18, 20, Servant Christology: "He will proclaim krisin to the Gentiles… until He leads krisin to victory" (citing Isaiah 42:1, 3)
The judgment-as-justice motif: God's krisis is the vindication of righteousness, not arbitrary punishment but the right setting-of-things-right.
Apologetic significance
Krisis anchors:
- The reality of final judgment, against universalism / sentimentalism that denies real eschatological accountability
- Christ as Judge, Christological proof + sobriety about Jesus's authority
- The unity of God's character, His justice (krisis) and His mercy / love work together (Romans 3:26, dikaios kai dikaiōn)
- Moral seriousness, life decisions matter; eternity stakes; urgent evangelism
- The final righting of injustice, the persecuted, the oppressed, the unjustly killed will see ultimate vindication (Rev 6:9-11)
Notable verses
Eschatological judgment
- Matthew 10:15; 11:22, 24; 12:36, hēmera kriseōs
- Matthew 12:18, 20, Servant proclaims krisis
- Matthew 25:31-46, sheep and goats
- John 5:22-30, Father gives krisin to the Son
- Acts 17:31, God will judge the world
- Hebrews 9:27, appointed once to die, then krisis
- 2 Peter 2:4, 9; 3:7, eschatological krisis
- Jude 6, 15, judgment of fallen angels and ungodly
- Revelation 14:7; 16:7; 19:2; 20:12-15, final-judgment narrative
Justice / mishpat sense
- Matthew 12:18-20; 23:23
- Luke 11:42
Christ before krisis
- John 9:39, Christ comes for krisin
- John 12:31, nun krisis estin tou kosmou toutou, "now is the krisis of this world"
- John 16:8, 11, Spirit convicts about krisis
Patristic / scholarly note
Patristic engagement extensive: every eschatological / apocalyptic discussion engages krisis. Modern: Stephen Travis (Christ and the Judgement of God, 1986); Anthony Hoekema (The Bible and the Future, 1979); R. C. Sproul (Surprised by Suffering, 1988; Saved from What?, 2002); Wayne Grudem.
See also
- G2919 - krino (pending), verb to judge
- H4941 - mishpat, Hebrew judgment
- G3952 - parousia, Christ's coming
- G0166 - aionios, eternal
- Hell and Eternal Punishment, synthesis
- Romans 5.8, justice / mercy reconciliation
Notes
Lexical workspace for krisis.