Passage

Exodus 21.12-14

Book: Exodus · NASB95

Immediate context (±2 verses)

ASV (ASV)

"10. If he take him another wife; her food, her raiment, and her duty of marriage, shall he not diminish. 11. And if he do not these three things unto her, then shall she go out for nothing, without money."

"12. He that smiteth a man, so that he dieth, shall surely be put to death. 13. And if a man lie not in wait, but God deliver him into his hand; then I will appoint thee a place whither he shall flee. 14. And if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbor, to slay him with guile; thou shalt take him from mine altar, that he may die."

"15. And he that smiteth his father, or his mother, shall be surely put to death. 16. And he that stealeth a man, and selleth him, or if he be found in his hand, he shall surely be put to death." (Exodus 21:10-16, ASV)

WEB (WEB)

"10. If he takes another wife to himself, he shall not diminish her food, her clothing, and her marital rights. 11. If he doesn’t do these three things for her, she may go free without paying any money."

"12. “One who strikes a man so that he dies shall surely be put to death, 13. but not if it is unintentional, but God allows it to happen: then I will appoint you a place where he shall flee. 14. If a man schemes and comes presumptuously on his neighbor to kill him, you shall take him from my altar, that he may die."

"15. “Anyone who attacks his father or his mother shall be surely put to death. 16. “Anyone who kidnaps someone and sells him, or if he is found in his hand, he shall surely be put to death." (Exodus 21:10-16, WEB)

KJV (KJV)

"10. If he take him another wife; her food, her raiment, and her duty of marriage, shall he not diminish. 11. And if he do not these three unto her, then shall she go out free without money."

"12. He that smiteth a man, so that he die, shall be surely put to death. 13. And if a man lie not in wait, but God deliver him into his hand; then I will appoint thee a place whither he shall flee. 14. But if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbour, to slay him with guile; thou shalt take him from mine altar, that he may die."

"15. And he that smiteth his father, or his mother, shall be surely put to death. 16. And he that stealeth a man, and selleth him, or if he be found in his hand, he shall surely be put to death." (Exodus 21:10-16, KJV)

YLT (YLT)

"10. 'If another [woman] he take for him, her food, her covering, and her habitation, he doth not withdraw; 11. and if these three he do not to her, then she hath gone out for nought, without money."

"12. 'He who smiteth a man so that he hath died, is certainly put to death; 13. as to him who hath not laid wait, and God hath brought to his hand, I have even set for thee a place whither he doth flee. 14. 'And when a man doth presume against his neighbour to slay him with subtilty, from Mine altar thou dost take him to die."

"15. 'And he who smiteth his father or his mother is certainly put to death. 16. 'And he who stealeth a man, and hath sold him, and he hath been found in his hand, is certainly put to death." (Exodus 21:10-16, YLT)

Setting

Speaker: TBD
Audience: TBD
Location: TBD
Time period: TBD

Theological reading

Patristic / early-church-father exegesis, to be added.

Key words

Theologically-loaded Greek or Hebrew words in this verse may have entries in the lexicon. Curated to roughly 100 contested terms across the corpus, not every word; see Lexicon Roadmap.

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Quoted in

Israelite Slavery Possession-vs-Ownership Defeater

Why these four translations

ris3n chose ASV, WEB, KJV, and YLT for two reasons together. They are the most literal English translations available (formal-equivalence: word-for-word renderings that preserve the Hebrew and Greek grammar rather than smoothing it into modern dynamic-equivalence idiom). And they are in the public domain in the United States, which means fair-use quotation at any length requires no publisher license. Modern licensed translations (NASB95, ESV, NIV) restrict volume of quotation under their copyright terms, so they are not used at stub-level coverage here. NASB95 appears only on hand-curated rich passage hubs under Lockman Foundation's fair-use allowance.

The four:

ASV (American Standard Version, 1901). The basis of the modern critical-text English tradition.
WEB (World English Bible, contemporary). Public-domain revision in the ASV line, in current English.
KJV (King James Version, 1611). Reformation-era, Textus Receptus base.
YLT (Young's Literal Translation, Robert Young, 1862). Hyper-literal preservation of Hebrew and Greek grammar; useful for word-study work even where English reads stiff.

See Bibles for the full per-translation history, translators, textual basis, strengths, and weaknesses.