ris3n's Apologetics Codex

Passage

Exodus 10.21

Book: Exodus · ASV / WEB / KJV / YLT

Immediate context (±2 verses)

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ASV (ASV)

"19. And Jehovah turned an exceeding strong west wind, which took up the locusts, and drove them into the Red Sea; there remained not one locust in all the border of Egypt. 20. But Jehovah hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go."

"21. And Jehovah said unto Moses, Stretch out thy hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt."

"22. And Moses stretched forth his hand toward heaven; and there was a thick darkness in all the land of Egypt three days; 23. they saw not one another, neither rose any one from his place for three days: but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings." (Exodus 10:19-23, ASV)

WEB (WEB)

"19. Yahweh turned an exceeding strong west wind, which took up the locusts, and drove them into the Red Sea. There remained not one locust in all the borders of Egypt. 20. But Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he didn’t let the children of Israel go."

"21. Yahweh said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward the sky, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt.”"

"22. Moses stretched out his hand toward the sky, and there was a thick darkness in all the land of Egypt for three days. 23. They didn’t see one another, and nobody rose from his place for three days; but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings." (Exodus 10:19-23, WEB)

KJV (KJV)

"19. And the LORD turned a mighty strong west wind, which took away the locusts, and cast them into the Red sea; there remained not one locust in all the coasts of Egypt. cast: Heb. fastened 20. But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go."

"21. And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch out thine hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt. even: Heb. that one may feel darkness"

"22. And Moses stretched forth his hand toward heaven; and there was a thick darkness in all the land of Egypt three days: 23. They saw not one another, neither rose any from his place for three days: but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings." (Exodus 10:19-23, KJV)

YLT (YLT)

"19. and Jehovah turneth a very strong sea wind, and it lifteth up the locust, and bloweth it into the Red Sea, there hath not been left one locust in all the border of Egypt; 20. and Jehovah strengtheneth the heart of Pharaoh, and he hath not sent the sons of Israel away."

"21. And Jehovah saith unto Moses, 'Stretch out thy hand towards the heavens, and there is darkness over the land of Egypt, and the darkness is felt.'"

"22. And Moses stretcheth out his hand towards the heavens, and there is darkness, thick darkness in all the land of Egypt three days; 23. they have not seen one another, and none hath risen from his place three days; and to all the sons of Israel there hath been light in their dwellings.'" (Exodus 10:19-23, YLT)

Setting

  • Speaker: Moses (traditional)
  • Audience: Israelite congregation post-Exodus
  • Location: Egypt → Sinai wilderness
  • Time period: events c. 1446-1445 BC; composed c. 1446-1406 BC

Theological reading

Key words

Why these four translations

ris3n chose ASV, WEB, KJV, and YLT for two reasons together. They are the most literal English translations available (formal-equivalence: word-for-word renderings that preserve the Hebrew and Greek grammar rather than smoothing it into modern dynamic-equivalence idiom). And they are in the public domain in the United States, which means fair-use quotation at any length requires no publisher license. Modern licensed translations (NASB95, ESV, NIV) restrict volume of quotation under their copyright terms, so they are not used at stub-level coverage here. NASB95 appears only on hand-curated rich passage hubs under Lockman Foundation's fair-use allowance.

The four:

  • ASV (American Standard Version, 1901). The basis of the modern critical-text English tradition.
  • WEB (World English Bible, contemporary). Public-domain revision in the ASV line, in current English.
  • KJV (King James Version, 1611). Reformation-era, Textus Receptus base.
  • YLT (Young's Literal Translation, Robert Young, 1862). Hyper-literal preservation of Hebrew and Greek grammar; useful for word-study work even where English reads stiff.

See Bibles for the full per-translation history, translators, textual basis, strengths, and weaknesses.