ris3n's Apologetics Codex

Passage

Acts 2.32

Book: Acts · ASV / WEB / KJV / YLT

Immediate context (±2 verses)

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ASV

30. Being therefore a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him, that of the fruit of his loins he would set one upon his throne; 31. he foreseeing this spake of the resurrection of the Christ, that neither was he left unto Hades, nor did his flesh see corruption.

32. This Jesus did God raise up, whereof we all are witnesses.

  1. Being therefore by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he hath poured forth this, which ye see and hear. 34. For David ascended not into the heavens: but he saith himself, The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, (Acts 2:30-34, ASV)
WEB

30. Therefore, being a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him that of the fruit of his body, according to the flesh, he would raise up the Christ to sit on his throne, 31. he foreseeing this spoke about the resurrection of the Christ, that neither was his soul left in Hades, nor did his flesh see decay.

32. This Jesus God raised up, to which we all are witnesses.

  1. Being therefore exalted by the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he has poured out this, which you now see and hear. 34. For David didn’t ascend into the heavens, but he says himself, ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit by my right hand, (Acts 2:30-34, WEB)
KJV

30. Therefore being a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him, that of the fruit of his loins, according to the flesh, he would raise up Christ to sit on his throne; 31. He seeing this before spake of the resurrection of Christ, that his soul was not left in hell, neither his flesh did see corruption.

32. This Jesus hath God raised up, whereof we all are witnesses.

  1. Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost, he hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear. 34. For David is not ascended into the heavens: but he saith himself, The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, (Acts 2:30-34, KJV)
YLT

30. a prophet, therefore, being, and knowing that with an oath God did swear to him, out of the fruit of his loins, according to the flesh, to raise up the Christ, to sit upon his throne, 31. having foreseen, he did speak concerning the rising again of the Christ, that his soul was not left to hades, nor did his flesh see corruption.

32. 'This Jesus did God raise up, of which we are all witnesses;

  1. at the right hand then of God having been exalted, also the promise of the Holy Spirit having received from the Father, he was shedding forth this, which now ye see and hear; 34. for David did not go up to the heavens, and he saith himself: The Lord saith to my lord, Sit thou at my right hand, (Acts 2:30-34, YLT)

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Setting

  • Speaker: Peter, preaching
  • Audience: the Pentecost crowd of Jews and proselytes from many nations
  • Location: Jerusalem
  • Time period: c. AD 30, the feast of Pentecost

Theological reading

The resurrection claim in its earliest recorded public form. Two clauses: God raised this Jesus, and we are all witnesses of it.

The order matters. The subject of the raising is God, which is the consistent New Testament formulation and which makes the resurrection an act of divine vindication rather than an achievement of Jesus considered apart from the Father. The second clause supplies the ground on which the hearers are asked to accept it, and it is testimony rather than argument.

"Witnesses" is a legal word, and in Acts the apostolic office is defined by it: the replacement for Judas must have accompanied the group from John's baptism to the ascension, precisely so that he can testify to the resurrection. The claim advanced here is falsifiable in principle and is made in the city where the events occurred, within weeks of them.

Key words

Theologically-loaded Greek or Hebrew words in this verse may have entries in the lexicon. Curated to roughly 100 contested terms across the corpus, not every word; see Lexicon Roadmap.

Quoted in

Arguments and defeaters:

Concepts:

People:

Lexicon:

Passages:

Why these four translations

ris3n chose ASV, WEB, KJV, and YLT for two reasons together. They are the most literal English translations available (formal-equivalence: word-for-word renderings that preserve the Hebrew and Greek grammar rather than smoothing it into modern dynamic-equivalence idiom). And they are in the public domain in the United States, which means fair-use quotation at any length requires no publisher license. Modern licensed translations (NASB95, ESV, NIV) restrict volume of quotation under their copyright terms, so they are not used at stub-level coverage here. NASB95 appears only on hand-curated rich passage hubs under Lockman Foundation's fair-use allowance.

The four:

  • ASV (American Standard Version, 1901). The basis of the modern critical-text English tradition.
  • WEB (World English Bible, contemporary). Public-domain revision in the ASV line, in current English.
  • KJV (King James Version, 1611). Reformation-era, Textus Receptus base.
  • YLT (Young's Literal Translation, Robert Young, 1862). Hyper-literal preservation of Hebrew and Greek grammar; useful for word-study work even where English reads stiff.

See Bibles for the full per-translation history, translators, textual basis, strengths, and weaknesses.