ris3n's Apologetics Codex

Passage

2 Thessalonians 2.1-8

Book: 2 Thessalonians · NASB95

Immediate context (±2 verses)

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ASV

1. Now we beseech you, brethren, touching the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, and our gathering together unto him; 2. to the end that ye be not quickly shaken from your mind, nor yet be troubled, either by spirit, or by word, or by epistle as from us, as that the day of the Lord is just at hand; 3. let no man beguile you in any wise: for it will not be, except the falling away come first, and the man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition, 4. he that opposeth and exalteth himself against all that is called God or that is worshipped; so that he sitteth in the temple of God, setting himself forth as God. 5. Remember ye not, that, when I was yet with you, I told you these things? 6. And now ye know that which restraineth, to the end that he may be revealed in his own season. 7. For the mystery of lawlessness doth already work: only there is one that restraineth now, until he be taken out of the way. 8. And then shall be revealed the lawless one, whom the Lord Jesus shall slay with the breath of his mouth, and bring to nought by the manifestation of his coming;

  1. even he, whose coming is according to the working of Satan with all power and signs and lying wonders, 10. and with all deceit of unrighteousness for them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved. (2 Thessalonians 2:1-10, ASV)
WEB

1. Now, brothers, concerning the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, and our gathering together to him, we ask you 2. not to be quickly shaken in your mind, nor yet be troubled, either by spirit, or by word, or by letter as from us, saying that the day of Christ had come. 3. Let no one deceive you in any way. For it will not be, unless the departure comes first, and the man of sin is revealed, the son of destruction, 4. he who opposes and exalts himself against all that is called God or that is worshiped; so that he sits as God in the temple of God, setting himself up as God. 5. Don’t you remember that, when I was still with you, I told you these things? 6. Now you know what is restraining him, to the end that he may be revealed in his own season. 7. For the mystery of lawlessness already works. Only there is one who restrains now, until he is taken out of the way. 8. Then the lawless one will be revealed, whom the Lord will kill with the breath of his mouth, and destroy by the manifestation of his coming;

  1. even he whose coming is according to the working of Satan with all power and signs and lying wonders, 10. and with all deception of wickedness for those who are being lost, because they didn’t receive the love of the truth, that they might be saved. (2 Thessalonians 2:1-10, WEB)
KJV

1. Now we beseech you, brethren, by the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, and by our gathering together unto him, unto him: or, around him 2. That ye be not soon shaken in mind, or be troubled, neither by spirit, nor by word, nor by letter as from us, as that the day of Christ is at hand. 3. Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall not come, except there come a falling away first, and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition; 4. Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God. 5. Remember ye not, that, when I was yet with you, I told you these things? 6. And now ye know what withholdeth that he might be revealed in his time. withholdeth: or, holdeth 7. For the mystery of iniquity doth already work: only he who now letteth will let, until he be taken out of the way. 8. And then shall that Wicked be revealed, whom the Lord shall consume with the spirit of his mouth, and shall destroy with the brightness of his coming:

  1. Even him, whose coming is after the working of Satan with all power and signs and lying wonders, 10. And with all deceivableness of unrighteousness in them that perish; because they received not the love of the truth, that they might be saved. (2 Thessalonians 2:1-10, KJV)
YLT

1. And we ask you, brethren, in regard to the presence of our Lord Jesus Christ, and of our gathering together unto him, 2. that ye be not quickly shaken in mind, nor be troubled, neither through spirit, neither through word, neither through letters as through us, as that the day of Christ hath arrived; 3. let not any one deceive you in any manner, because, if the falling away may not come first, and the man of sin be revealed, the son of the destruction, 4. who is opposing and is raising himself up above all called God or worshipped, so that he in the sanctuary of God as God hath sat down, shewing himself off that he is God, [the day doth not come]. 5. Do ye not remember that, being yet with you, these things I said to you? 6. and now, what is keeping down ye have known, for his being revealed in his own time, 7. for the secret of the lawlessness doth already work, only he who is keeping down now [will hinder], till he may be out of the way, 8. and then shall be revealed the Lawless One, whom the Lord shall consume with the spirit of his mouth, and shall destroy with the manifestation of his presence,

  1. [him,] whose presence is according to the working of the Adversary, in all power, and signs, and lying wonders, 10. and in all deceitfulness of the unrighteousness in those perishing, because the love of the truth they did not receive for their being saved, (2 Thessalonians 2:1-10, YLT)

Setting

  • Speaker: Paul the Apostle, laying out the sequence that must precede the day of the Lord.
  • Audience: The church at Thessalonica, capital of the Roman province of Macedonia and a free city on the Via Egnatia. Paul had planted the congregation only months earlier (Acts 17:1-9) and left the city under duress; the believers were still under local pressure, and had been unsettled by a report that the day of the Lord had already arrived (2:2).
  • Location: Most probably Corinth, where Silvanus and Timothy were with Paul (Acts 18:5), written shortly after 1 Thessalonians.
  • Time period: c. AD 50-52. The date is anchored by the Gallio inscription at Delphi, which places the proconsulship of Achaia held by Gallio (Acts 18:12) at roughly AD 51-52.

Theological reading

This is the central paragraph of the letter, and it is built as an argument from order rather than as a timetable.

The claim being refuted (2:1-2). That the day of the Lord has already come. Paul answers by naming what has not yet happened.

The two prerequisites (2:3-4). The rebellion, and the revealing of the man of lawlessness who "opposes and exalts himself against every so-called god" and takes his seat in the temple of God. The description draws on Daniel's language for the desolating ruler and on Ezekiel 28 for the self-deifying prince. Paul does not identify the figure, and the letter gives no warrant for confidence about who he is.

The reminder (2:5). "Do you not remember that when I was still with you I told you these things?" This is the most important verse in the paragraph for interpreters, because it says openly that the readers had oral instruction we do not have. Every reconstruction of the passage is working with less information than its first audience had, and any confident scheme should be held loosely for that reason.

The restrainer (2:6-7). Something neuter restrains now, and someone masculine restrains now. Proposals include the Roman state and its ruler, the preaching of the gospel and the missionary, the ministry of the Spirit through the church, and an angelic power. The text supplies no decisive evidence, which is why the question has stayed open.

The end (2:8). The lawless one is dispatched by "the breath of his mouth," which quotes Isaiah 11:4, and by "the appearance of his coming." The contest is not close: the outcome is stated as a word and an appearing. Paul's point throughout is that the church's security does not depend on identifying the enemy.

Key words

Theologically-loaded Greek or Hebrew words in this verse may have entries in the lexicon. Curated to roughly 100 contested terms across the corpus, not every word.

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Why these four translations

ris3n chose ASV, WEB, KJV, and YLT for two reasons together. They are the most literal English translations available (formal-equivalence: word-for-word renderings that preserve the Hebrew and Greek grammar rather than smoothing it into modern dynamic-equivalence idiom). And they are in the public domain in the United States, which means fair-use quotation at any length requires no publisher license. Modern licensed translations (NASB95, ESV, NIV) restrict volume of quotation under their copyright terms, so they are not used at stub-level coverage here. NASB95 appears only on hand-curated rich passage hubs under Lockman Foundation's fair-use allowance.

The four:

  • ASV (American Standard Version, 1901). The basis of the modern critical-text English tradition.
  • WEB (World English Bible, contemporary). Public-domain revision in the ASV line, in current English.
  • KJV (King James Version, 1611). Reformation-era, Textus Receptus base.
  • YLT (Young's Literal Translation, Robert Young, 1862). Hyper-literal preservation of Hebrew and Greek grammar; useful for word-study work even where English reads stiff.

See Bibles for the full per-translation history, translators, textual basis, strengths, and weaknesses.