ris3n's Apologetics Codex

Passage

1 Chronicles 3.10-19

Book: 1 Chronicles · ASV / WEB / KJV / YLT

Immediate context (±2 verses)

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ASV

8. and Elishama, and Eliada, and Eliphelet, nine. 9. All these were the sons of David, besides the sons of the concubines; and Tamar was their sister.

10. And Solomon's son was Rehoboam, Abijah his son, Asa his son, Jehoshaphat his son, 11. Joram his son, Ahaziah his son, Joash his son, 12. Amaziah his son, Azariah his son, Jotham his son, 13. Ahaz his son, Hezekiah his son, Manasseh his son, 14. Amon his son, Josiah his son. 15. And the sons of Josiah: the first-born Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. 16. And the sons of Jehoiakim: Jeconiah his son, Zedekiah his son. 17. And the sons of Jeconiah, the captive: Shealtiel his son, 18. and Malchiram, and Pedaiah, and Shenazzar, Jekamiah, Hoshama, and Nedabiah. 19. And the sons of Pedaiah: Zerubbabel, and Shimei. And the sons of Zerubbabel: Meshullam, and Hananiah; and Shelomith was their sister;

  1. and Hashubah, and Ohel, and Berechiah, and Hasadiah, Jushab-hesed, five. 21. And the sons of Hananiah: Pelatiah, and Jeshaiah; the sons of Rephaiah, the sons of Arnan, the sons of Obadiah, the sons of Shecaniah. (1 Chronicles 3:8-21, ASV)
WEB

8. Elishama, Eliada, and Eliphelet, nine. 9. All these were the sons of David, besides the sons of the concubines; and Tamar was their sister.

10. Solomon’s son was Rehoboam, Abijah his son, Asa his son, Jehoshaphat his son, 11. Joram his son, Ahaziah his son, Joash his son, 12. Amaziah his son, Azariah his son, Jotham his son, 13. Ahaz his son, Hezekiah his son, Manasseh his son, 14. Amon his son, and Josiah his son. 15. The sons of Josiah: the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, and the fourth Shallum. 16. The sons of Jehoiakim: Jeconiah his son, and Zedekiah his son. 17. The sons of Jeconiah, the captive: Shealtiel his son, 18. Malchiram, Pedaiah, Shenazzar, Jekamiah, Hoshama, and Nedabiah. 19. The sons of Pedaiah: Zerubbabel and Shimei. The sons of Zerubbabel: Meshullam and Hananiah; and Shelomith was their sister;

  1. and Hashubah, Ohel, Berechiah, Hasadiah, and Jushab Hesed, five. 21. The sons of Hananiah: Pelatiah and Jeshaiah; the sons of Rephaiah, the sons of Arnan, the sons of Obadiah, the sons of Shecaniah. (1 Chronicles 3:8-21, WEB)
KJV

8. And Elishama, and Eliada, and Eliphelet, nine. Eliada: or, Beeliada IChro.14.7. 9. These were all the sons of David, beside the sons of the concubines, and Tamar their sister.

10. And Solomon's son was Rehoboam, Abia his son, Asa his son, Jehoshaphat his son, Abia: or, Abijam I.king.15.1. 11. Joram his son, Ahaziah his son, Joash his son, Ahaziah: or, Azariah 2.Chr.22.6.& 21.17. 12. Amaziah his son, Azariah his son, Jotham his son, Azariah: or, Uzziah 2.king.15.30. 13. Ahaz his son, Hezekiah his son, Manasseh his son, 14. Amon his son, Josiah his son. 15. And the sons of Josiah were, the firstborn Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. Johanan: or, Jehochaz 2.kin.23.30. Jehoiakim: or, Eliakim 2.kin.23.34. Zedekiah: or, Mathaniah.2.kin.24.17. 16. And the sons of Jehoiakim: Jeconiah his son, Zedekiah his son. Jeconiah: also called, Jehoiachin 2kin.24.6, Zedekiah: or Coniah ier.22.24 17. And the sons of Jeconiah; Assir, Salathiel his son, Salathiel: Heb. Shealtiel 18. Malchiram also, and Pedaiah, and Shenazar, Jecamiah, Hoshama, and Nedabiah. 19. And the sons of Pedaiah were, Zerubbabel, and Shimei: and the sons of Zerubbabel; Meshullam, and Hananiah, and Shelomith their sister:

  1. And Hashubah, and Ohel, and Berechiah, and Hasadiah, Jushabhesed, five. 21. And the sons of Hananiah; Pelatiah, and Jesaiah: the sons of Rephaiah, the sons of Arnan, the sons of Obadiah, the sons of Shechaniah. (1 Chronicles 3:8-21, KJV)
YLT

8. and Elishama, and Eliada, and Eliphelet, nine. 9. All [are] sons of David, apart from sons of the concubines, and Tamar their sister.

10. And the son of Solomon [is] Rehoboam, Abijah his son, Asa his son, Jehoshaphat his son, 11. Joram his son, Ahaziah his son, Joash his son, 12. Amaziah his son, Azariah his son, Jotham his son, 13. Ahaz his son, Hezekiah his son, Manasseh his son, 14. Amon his son, Josiah his son. 15. And sons of Josiah: the first-born Johanan, the second Jehoiakim, the third Zedekiah, the fourth Shallum. 16. And sons of Jehoiakim: Jeconiah his son, Zedekiah his son. 17. And sons of Jeconiah: Assir; Salathiel his son; 18. also Malchiram and Pedaiah, and Shenazzar, Jecamiah, Hoshama, and Nedabiah. 19. And sons of Pedaiah: Zerubbabel, and Shimei. And sons of Zerubbabel: Meshullam, and Hananiah, and Shelomith their sister,

  1. and Hashubah, and Ohel, and Berechiah, and Hasadiah, Jushab-Hesed, five. 21. And sons of Hananiah: Pelatiah, and Jesaiah, sons of Rephaiah, sons of Arnan, sons of Obadiah, sons of Shechaniah. (1 Chronicles 3:8-21, YLT)

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Setting

  • Speaker: narrator (the Chronicler), in the royal genealogy
  • Audience: the restored community in the Persian province of Yehud, rebuilding around temple and priesthood with no king of their own
  • Location: the kingdom of Judah, through the exile, to the return
  • Time period: genealogical material reaching from Adam to the returnees, compiled after the return from Babylon, commonly placed c. 400 BC

Theological reading

The Davidic line traced from Solomon through the kings of Judah, into the captivity, and out the other side to Zerubbabel. Its function in a book written for the restored community is to demonstrate that the line survived the exile intact.

Two observations. The list runs continuously through the kings Matthew 1:8-11 abbreviates, which is how we know Matthew's omissions are deliberate compression to reach his fourteen-generation pattern rather than ignorance of the record. And it ends on Zerubbabel, governor of Judah at the rebuilding of the temple, who appears in Haggai and Zechariah as the bearer of the signet-ring promise and in both New Testament genealogies (Matthew 1:12-13, Luke 3:27). The Chronicler stops where his own community's hope was standing._

Key words

Theologically-loaded Greek or Hebrew words in this verse may have entries in the lexicon. Curated to roughly 100 contested terms across the corpus, not every word.

Quoted in

Arguments and defeaters:

Notes

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Why these four translations

ris3n chose ASV, WEB, KJV, and YLT for two reasons together. They are the most literal English translations available (formal-equivalence: word-for-word renderings that preserve the Hebrew and Greek grammar rather than smoothing it into modern dynamic-equivalence idiom). And they are in the public domain in the United States, which means fair-use quotation at any length requires no publisher license. Modern licensed translations (NASB95, ESV, NIV) restrict volume of quotation under their copyright terms, so they are not used at stub-level coverage here. NASB95 appears only on hand-curated rich passage hubs under Lockman Foundation's fair-use allowance.

The four:

  • ASV (American Standard Version, 1901). The basis of the modern critical-text English tradition.
  • WEB (World English Bible, contemporary). Public-domain revision in the ASV line, in current English.
  • KJV (King James Version, 1611). Reformation-era, Textus Receptus base.
  • YLT (Young's Literal Translation, Robert Young, 1862). Hyper-literal preservation of Hebrew and Greek grammar; useful for word-study work even where English reads stiff.

See Bibles for the full per-translation history, translators, textual basis, strengths, and weaknesses.