# Isaiah 44.24-45.7 **Book:** [Isaiah](/codex/isaiah/) · NASB95 ## Immediate context (±2 verses) **ASV** ([ASV](/codex/asv/)) > 22. I have blotted out, as a thick cloud, thy transgressions, and, as a cloud, thy sins: return unto me; for I have redeemed thee. 23. Sing, O ye heavens, for Jehovah hath done it; shout, ye lower parts of the earth; break forth into singing, ye mountains, O forest, and every tree therein: for Jehovah hath redeemed Jacob, and will glorify himself in Israel. > > **24. Thus saith Jehovah, thy Redeemer, and he that formed thee from the womb: I am Jehovah, that maketh all things; that stretcheth forth the heavens alone; that spreadeth abroad the earth (who is with me?); 25. that frustrateth the signs of the liars, and maketh diviners mad; that turneth wise men backward, and maketh their knowledge foolish; 26. that confirmeth the word of his servant, and performeth the counsel of his messengers; that saith of Jerusalem, She shall be inhabited; and of the cities of Judah, They shall be built, and I will raise up the waste places thereof; 27. that saith to the deep, Be dry, and I will dry up thy rivers; 28. That saith of Cyrus, He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure, even saying of Jerusalem, She shall be built; and of the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid. 45:1. Thus saith Jehovah to his anointed, to Cyrus, whose right hand I have holden, to subdue nations before him, and I will loose the loins of kings; to open the doors before him, and the gates shall not be shut: 45:2. I will go before thee, and make the rough places smooth; I will break in pieces the doors of brass, and cut in sunder the bars of iron; 45:3. and I will give thee the treasures of darkness, and hidden riches of secret places, that thou mayest know that it is I, Jehovah, who call thee by thy name, even the God of Israel. 45:4. For Jacob my servant's sake, and Israel my chosen, I have called thee by thy name: I have surnamed thee, though thou hast not known me. 45:5. I am Jehovah, and there is none else; besides me there is no God. I will gird thee, though thou hast not known me; 45:6. that they may know from the rising of the sun, and from the west, that there is none besides me: I am Jehovah, and there is none else. 45:7. I form the light, and create darkness; I make peace, and create evil. I am Jehovah, that doeth all these things.** > > 45:8. Distil, ye heavens, from above, and let the skies pour down righteousness: let the earth open, that it may bring forth salvation, and let it cause righteousness to spring up together; I, Jehovah, have created it. 45:9. Woe unto him that striveth with his Maker! a potsherd among the potsherds of the earth! Shall the clay say to him that fashioneth it, What makest thou? or thy work, He hath no hands? (Isaiah 44:22-45:9, ASV) **WEB** ([WEB](/codex/web/)) > 22. I have blotted out, as a thick cloud, your transgressions, and, as a cloud, your sins. Return to me, for I have redeemed you. 23. Sing, you heavens, for Yahweh has done it! Shout, you lower parts of the earth! Break out into singing, you mountains, O forest, all of your trees, for Yahweh has redeemed Jacob, and will glorify himself in Israel. > > **24. Yahweh, your Redeemer, and he who formed you from the womb says: “I am Yahweh, who makes all things; who alone stretches out the heavens; who spreads out the earth by myself; 25. who frustrates the signs of the liars, and makes diviners mad; who turns wise men backward, and makes their knowledge foolish; 26. who confirms the word of his servant, and performs the counsel of his messengers; who says of Jerusalem, ‘She will be inhabited;’ and of the cities of Judah, ‘They will be built,’ and ‘I will raise up its waste places;’ 27. who says to the deep, ‘Be dry,’ and ‘I will dry up your rivers;’ 28. Who says of Cyrus, ‘He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure,’ even saying of Jerusalem, ‘She will be built;’ and of the temple, ‘Your foundation will be laid.’” 45:1. Yahweh says to his anointed, to Cyrus, whose right hand I have held, to subdue nations before him, and strip kings of their armor; to open the doors before him, and the gates shall not be shut: 45:2. “I will go before you, and make the rough places smooth. I will break the doors of brass in pieces, and cut apart the bars of iron. 45:3. I will give you the treasures of darkness, and hidden riches of secret places, that you may know that it is I, Yahweh, who call you by your name, even the God of Israel. 45:4. For Jacob my servant’s sake, and Israel my chosen, I have called you by your name. I have given you a title, though you have not known me. 45:5. I am Yahweh, and there is no one else. Besides me, there is no God. I will strengthen you, though you have not known me; 45:6. that they may know from the rising of the sun, and from the west, that there is no one besides me. I am Yahweh, and there is no one else. 45:7. I form the light, and create darkness. I make peace, and create calamity. I am Yahweh, who does all these things.** > > 45:8. Rain, you heavens, from above, and let the skies pour down righteousness. Let the earth open, that it may produce salvation, and let it cause righteousness to spring up with it. I, Yahweh, have created it. 45:9. Woe to him who strives with his Maker, a clay pot among the clay pots of the earth! Shall the clay ask him who fashions it, ‘What are you making?’ or your work, ‘He has no hands?’ (Isaiah 44:22-45:9, WEB) **KJV** ([KJV](/codex/kjv/)) > 22. I have blotted out, as a thick cloud, thy transgressions, and, as a cloud, thy sins: return unto me; for I have redeemed thee. 23. Sing, O ye heavens; for the LORD hath done it: shout, ye lower parts of the earth: break forth into singing, ye mountains, O forest, and every tree therein: for the LORD hath redeemed Jacob, and glorified himself in Israel. > > **24. Thus saith the LORD, thy redeemer, and he that formed thee from the womb, I am the LORD that maketh all things; that stretcheth forth the heavens alone; that spreadeth abroad the earth by myself; 25. That frustrateth the tokens of the liars, and maketh diviners mad; that turneth wise men backward, and maketh their knowledge foolish; 26. That confirmeth the word of his servant, and performeth the counsel of his messengers; that saith to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be inhabited; and to the cities of Judah, Ye shall be built, and I will raise up the decayed places thereof: decayed: Heb. wastes 27. That saith to the deep, Be dry, and I will dry up thy rivers: 28. That saith of Cyrus, He is my shepherd, and shall perform all my pleasure: even saying to Jerusalem, Thou shalt be built; and to the temple, Thy foundation shall be laid. 45:1. Thus saith the LORD to his anointed, to Cyrus, whose right hand I have holden, to subdue nations before him; and I will loose the loins of kings, to open before him the two leaved gates; and the gates shall not be shut; have: or, strengthened 45:2. I will go before thee, and make the crooked places straight: I will break in pieces the gates of brass, and cut in sunder the bars of iron: 45:3. And I will give thee the treasures of darkness, and hidden riches of secret places, that thou mayest know that I, the LORD, which call thee by thy name, am the God of Israel. 45:4. For Jacob my servant's sake, and Israel mine elect, I have even called thee by thy name: I have surnamed thee, though thou hast not known me. 45:5. I am the LORD, and there is none else, there is no God beside me: I girded thee, though thou hast not known me: 45:6. That they may know from the rising of the sun, and from the west, that there is none beside me. I am the LORD, and there is none else. 45:7. I form the light, and create darkness: I make peace, and create evil: I the LORD do all these things.** > > 45:8. Drop down, ye heavens, from above, and let the skies pour down righteousness: let the earth open, and let them bring forth salvation, and let righteousness spring up together; I the LORD have created it. 45:9. Woe unto him that striveth with his Maker! Let the potsherd strive with the potsherds of the earth. Shall the clay say to him that fashioneth it, What makest thou? or thy work, He hath no hands? (Isaiah 44:22-45:9, KJV) **YLT** ([YLT](/codex/ylt/)) > 22. I have blotted out, as [by] a thick cloud, Thy transgressions, And as [by] a cloud thy sins, Return unto Me, for I have redeemed thee. 23. Sing, O heavens, for Jehovah hath wrought, Shout, O lower parts of earth, Break forth, O mountains, with singing, Forest, and every tree in it, For Jehovah hath redeemed Jacob, And in Israel He doth beautify Himself. > > **24. Thus said Jehovah, thy redeemer, And thy framer from the womb: 'I [am] Jehovah, doing all things, Stretching out the heavens by Myself, Spreading out the earth, who [is] with Me? 25. Making void the tokens of devisers, And diviners it maketh mad, Turning the wise backward, And their knowledge it maketh foolish. 26. Confirming the word of His servant, The counsel of His messengers it perfecteth, Who is saying of Jerusalem, She is inhabited, And of cities of Judah, They shall be built, and her wastes I raise up, 27. Who is saying to the deep, Be dry, and thy rivers I cause to dry up, 28. Who is saying of Cyrus, My shepherd, And all my delight He doth perfect, So as to say of Jerusalem, Thou art built, And of the temple, Thou art founded. 45:1. Thus said Jehovah, To His anointed, to Cyrus, Whose right hand I have laid hold on, To subdue nations before him, Yea, loins of kings I loose, To open before him two-leaved doors, Yea, gates are not shut: 45:2. 'I go before thee, and crooked places make straight, Two-leaved doors of brass I shiver, And bars of iron I cut asunder, 45:3. And have given to thee treasures of darkness, Even treasures of secret places, So that thou knowest that I, Jehovah, Who am calling on thy name, [am] the God of Israel. 45:4. For the sake of my servant Jacob, And of Israel My chosen, I call also thee by thy name, I surname thee, And thou hast not known Me. 45:5. I [am] Jehovah, and there is none else, Except Me there is no God, I gird thee, and thou hast not known Me. 45:6. So that they know from the rising of the sun, And from the west, that there is none besides Me, I [am] Jehovah, and there is none else, 45:7. Forming light, and preparing darkness, Making peace, and preparing evil, I [am] Jehovah, doing all these things.'** > > 45:8. Drop, ye heavens, from above, And clouds do cause righteousness to flow, Earth openeth, and they are fruitful, Salvation and righteousness spring up together, I, Jehovah, have prepared it. 45:9. Woe [to] him who is striving with his Former, (A potsherd with potsherds of the ground!) Doth clay say to its Framer, 'What dost thou?' And thy work, 'He hath no hands?' (Isaiah 44:22-45:9, YLT) ## Setting - **Speaker:** _TBD_ - **Audience:** _TBD_ - **Location:** _TBD_ - **Time period:** _TBD_ ## Theological reading _Patristic / early-church-father exegesis, to be added._ ## Key words _Theologically-loaded Greek or Hebrew words in this verse may have entries in the lexicon. Curated to roughly 100 contested terms across the corpus, not every word._ - _TBD_ - _TBD_ - _TBD_ - _TBD_ ## Quoted in **Arguments and defeaters:** - [Cosmic Dictator Objection Defeater](/codex/cosmic-dictator-objection-defeater/), via [Isaiah 44.24-28](/codex/isaiah-44-24-28/) - [Cyrus Saved the Jews Not Jesus Objection Defeater](/codex/cyrus-saved-the-jews-not-jesus-objection-defeater/), via [Isaiah 44](/codex/isaiah-44/), [Isaiah 44.28](/codex/isaiah-44-28/) - [Elohim Is a Divine Council Objection Defeater](/codex/elohim-is-a-divine-council-objection-defeater/), via [Isaiah 44.6](/codex/isaiah-44-6/) - [God Created Me Knowing I Would Reject Him Objection Defeater](/codex/god-created-me-knowing-i-would-reject-him-objection-defeater/), via [Isaiah 44.28](/codex/isaiah-44-28/) - [God Is Surprised Objection Defeater](/codex/god-is-surprised-objection-defeater/), via [Isaiah 44.7-8](/codex/isaiah-44-7-8/) - [Isaiah 53 Is About Israel Objection Defeater](/codex/isaiah-53-is-about-israel-objection-defeater/), via [Isaiah 44.15](/codex/isaiah-44-15/), [Isaiah 44.22](/codex/isaiah-44-22/) - [OT Polytheism Objection Defeater](/codex/ot-polytheism-objection-defeater/), via [Isaiah 44.6](/codex/isaiah-44-6/) - [Trinity Violates the Shema Objection Defeater](/codex/trinity-violates-the-shema-objection-defeater/), via [Isaiah 44.24](/codex/isaiah-44-24/) - [Unitarian Oneness Binitarian Objection Defeater](/codex/unitarian-oneness-binitarian-objection-defeater/), via [Isaiah 44.24](/codex/isaiah-44-24/) - [Yahweh is a Son of Elyon Defeater](/codex/yahweh-is-a-son-of-elyon-defeater/), via [Isaiah 44.6](/codex/isaiah-44-6/) **Concepts:** - [Angel of the LORD](/codex/angel-of-the-lord/), via [Isaiah 44.24](/codex/isaiah-44-24/) - [Are There Other Gods](/codex/are-there-other-gods/), via [Isaiah 44.16-17](/codex/isaiah-44-16-17/), [Isaiah 44.6](/codex/isaiah-44-6/) - [Biblical Prophecy](/codex/biblical-prophecy/), via [Isaiah 44.28-45](/codex/isaiah-44-28-45/) - [Calvinism vs Arminianism vs Molinism vs Open Theism](/codex/calvinism-vs-arminianism-vs-molinism-vs-open-theism/), via [Isaiah 44.28](/codex/isaiah-44-28/) - [Christianity](/codex/christianity/), via [Isaiah 44.6](/codex/isaiah-44-6/) - [Confirmation Bias](/codex/confirmation-bias/), via [Isaiah 44](/codex/isaiah-44/) - [Counterfactuals of Freedom](/codex/counterfactuals-of-freedom/), via [Isaiah 44.28-45](/codex/isaiah-44-28-45/) - [Cyrus Cylinder](/codex/cyrus-cylinder/), via [Isaiah 44.28](/codex/isaiah-44-28/) - [Divine Gender Polarity and Feminine Imagery](/codex/divine-gender-polarity-and-feminine-imagery/), via [Isaiah 44.6](/codex/isaiah-44-6/) - [Doctrine](/codex/doctrine/), via [Isaiah 44.6](/codex/isaiah-44-6/) - [Expansion of the Universe](/codex/expansion-of-the-universe/), via [Isaiah 44.24](/codex/isaiah-44-24/) - [God Is Surprised Objection](/codex/god-is-surprised-objection/), via [Isaiah 44.7-8](/codex/isaiah-44-7-8/) - [Idolatry](/codex/idolatry/), via [Isaiah 44.9-20](/codex/isaiah-44-9-20/) - [Isaiah 45.7 I Create Evil](/codex/isaiah-45-7-i-create-evil/), via [Isaiah 44.28](/codex/isaiah-44-28/) - [Modalism](/codex/modalism/), via [Isaiah 44.6](/codex/isaiah-44-6/), [Isaiah 44.8](/codex/isaiah-44-8/) - [Monotheism](/codex/monotheism/), via [Isaiah 44.6](/codex/isaiah-44-6/), [Isaiah 44.8](/codex/isaiah-44-8/), [Isaiah 44.9-20](/codex/isaiah-44-9-20/) - [Mormonism](/codex/mormonism/), via [Isaiah 44.6](/codex/isaiah-44-6/) - [Old Testament Witness to the Deity of Christ](/codex/old-testament-witness-to-the-deity-of-christ/), via [Isaiah 44.6](/codex/isaiah-44-6/) - [Oneness Pentecostalism](/codex/oneness-pentecostalism/), via [Isaiah 44.24](/codex/isaiah-44-24/), [Isaiah 44.6](/codex/isaiah-44-6/), [Isaiah 44.8](/codex/isaiah-44-8/) - [Open Theism](/codex/open-theism/), via [Isaiah 44.28](/codex/isaiah-44-28/) - [Theism](/codex/theism/), via [Isaiah 44](/codex/isaiah-44/) - [Trinity OT Stack (Five Texts)](/codex/trinity-ot-stack-five-texts/), via [Isaiah 44.24](/codex/isaiah-44-24/) - [Trinity Plural-Hebrew-Noun Stack](/codex/trinity-plural-hebrew-noun-stack/), via [Isaiah 44.24](/codex/isaiah-44-24/) - [Trinity vs Oneness vs Modalism vs Arianism](/codex/trinity-vs-oneness-vs-modalism-vs-arianism/), via [Isaiah 44.24](/codex/isaiah-44-24/), [Isaiah 44.6](/codex/isaiah-44-6/), [Isaiah 44.8](/codex/isaiah-44-8/) **People:** - [Isaiah the Prophet](/codex/isaiah-the-prophet/), via [Isaiah 44.28](/codex/isaiah-44-28/), [Isaiah 44.6](/codex/isaiah-44-6/), [Isaiah 44.6-8](/codex/isaiah-44-6-8/), [Isaiah 44.8](/codex/isaiah-44-8/) - [Nebuchadrezzar](/codex/nebuchadrezzar/), via [Isaiah 44.28-45](/codex/isaiah-44-28-45/) **Lexicon:** - [H1350 - goel](/codex/h1350-goel/), via [Isaiah 44.6](/codex/isaiah-44-6/) - [H6588 - pesha](/codex/h6588-pesha/), via [Isaiah 44.22](/codex/isaiah-44-22/) ## Notes _Your annotations._ ## Why these four translations ris3n chose ASV, WEB, KJV, and YLT for two reasons together. They are the **most literal English translations available** (formal-equivalence: word-for-word renderings that preserve the Hebrew and Greek grammar rather than smoothing it into modern dynamic-equivalence idiom). And they are in the **public domain in the United States**, which means fair-use quotation at any length requires no publisher license. Modern licensed translations (NASB95, ESV, NIV) restrict volume of quotation under their copyright terms, so they are not used at stub-level coverage here. NASB95 appears only on hand-curated rich passage hubs under Lockman Foundation's fair-use allowance. The four: - **[ASV](/codex/asv/)** (American Standard Version, 1901). The basis of the modern critical-text English tradition. - **[WEB](/codex/web/)** (World English Bible, contemporary). Public-domain revision in the ASV line, in current English. - **[KJV](/codex/kjv/)** (King James Version, 1611). Reformation-era, Textus Receptus base. - **[YLT](/codex/ylt/)** (Young's Literal Translation, Robert Young, 1862). Hyper-literal preservation of Hebrew and Greek grammar; useful for word-study work even where English reads stiff. See [Bibles](/codex/bibles/) for the full per-translation history, translators, textual basis, strengths, and weaknesses.