# Galatians 1.11-2.10 **Book:** [Galatians](/codex/galatians/) · NASB95 ## Immediate context (±2 verses) **ASV** ([ASV](/codex/asv/)) > 9. As we have said before, so say I now again, if any man preacheth unto you any gospel other than that which ye received, let him be anathema. 10. For am I now seeking the favor of men, or of God? or am I striving to please men? if I were still pleasing men, I should not be a servant of Christ. > > **11. For I make known to you, brethren, as touching the gospel which was preached by me, that it is not after man. 12. For neither did I receive it from man, nor was I taught it, but it came to me through revelation of Jesus Christ. 13. For ye have heard of my manner of life in time past in the Jews' religion, how that beyond measure I persecuted the church of God, and made havoc of it: 14. and I advanced in the Jews' religion beyond many of mine own age among my countrymen, being more exceedingly zealous for the traditions of my fathers. 15. But when it was the good pleasure of God, who separated me, even from my mother's womb, and called me through his grace, 16. to reveal his Son in me, that I might preach him among the Gentiles; straightway I conferred not with flesh and blood: 17. neither went I up to Jerusalem to them that were apostles before me: but I went away into Arabia; and again I returned unto Damascus. 18. Then after three years I went up to Jerusalem to visit Cephas, and tarried with him fifteen days. 19. But other of the apostles saw I none, save James the Lord's brother. 20. Now touching the things which I write unto you, behold, before God, I lie not. 21. Then I came unto the regions of Syria and Cilicia. 22. And I was still unknown by face unto the churches of Judaea which were in Christ: 23. but they only heard say, He that once persecuted us now preacheth the faith of which he once made havoc; 24. and they glorified God in me. 2:1. Then after the space of fourteen years I went up again to Jerusalem with Barnabas, taking Titus also with me. 2:2. And I went up by revelation; and I laid before them the gospel which I preach among the Gentiles but privately before them who were of repute, lest by any means I should be running, or had run, in vain. 2:3. But not even Titus who was with me, being a Greek, was compelled to be circumcised: 2:4. and that because of the false brethren privily brought in, who came in privily to spy out our liberty which we have in Christ Jesus, that they might bring us into bondage: 2:5. to whom we gave place in the way of subjection, no, not for an hour; that the truth of the gospel might continue with you. 2:6. But from those who were reputed to be somewhat (whatsoever they were, it maketh no matter to me: God accepteth not man's person),they, I say, who were of repute imparted nothing to me: 2:7. but contrariwise, when they saw that I had been intrusted with the gospel of the uncircumcision, even as Peter with the gospel of the circumcision 2:8. (for he that wrought for Peter unto the apostleship of the circumcision wrought for me also unto the Gentiles); 2:9. and when they perceived the grace that was given unto me, James and Cephas and John, they who were reputed to be pillars, gave to me and Barnabas the right hands of fellowship, that we should go unto the Gentiles, and they unto the circumcision; 2:10. only they would that we should remember the poor; which very thing I was also zealous to do.** > > 2:11. But when Cephas came to Antioch, I resisted him to the face, because he stood condemned. 2:12. For before that certain came from James, he ate with the Gentiles; but when they came, he drew back and separated himself, fearing them that were of the circumcision. (Galatians 1:9-2:12, ASV) **WEB** ([WEB](/codex/web/)) > 9. As we have said before, so I now say again: if any man preaches to you any “good news” other than that which you received, let him be cursed. 10. For am I now seeking the favor of men, or of God? Or am I striving to please men? For if I were still pleasing men, I wouldn’t be a servant of Christ. > > **11. But I make known to you, brothers, concerning the Good News which was preached by me, that it is not according to man. 12. For neither did I receive it from man, nor was I taught it, but it came to me through revelation of Jesus Christ. 13. For you have heard of my way of living in time past in the Jews’ religion, how that beyond measure I persecuted the assembly of God, and ravaged it. 14. I advanced in the Jews’ religion beyond many of my own age among my countrymen, being more exceedingly zealous for the traditions of my fathers. 15. But when it was the good pleasure of God, who separated me from my mother’s womb, and called me through his grace, 16. to reveal his Son in me, that I might preach him among the Gentiles, I didn’t immediately confer with flesh and blood, 17. nor did I go up to Jerusalem to those who were apostles before me, but I went away into Arabia. Then I returned to Damascus. 18. Then after three years I went up to Jerusalem to visit Peter, and stayed with him fifteen days. 19. But of the other apostles I saw no one, except James, the Lord’s brother. 20. Now about the things which I write to you, behold, before God, I’m not lying. 21. Then I came to the regions of Syria and Cilicia. 22. I was still unknown by face to the assemblies of Judea which were in Christ, 23. but they only heard: “He who once persecuted us now preaches the faith that he once tried to destroy.” 24. And they glorified God in me. 2:1. Then after a period of fourteen years I went up again to Jerusalem with Barnabas, taking Titus also with me. 2:2. I went up by revelation, and I laid before them the Good News which I preach among the Gentiles, but privately before those who were respected, for fear that I might be running, or had run, in vain. 2:3. But not even Titus, who was with me, being a Greek, was compelled to be circumcised. 2:4. This was because of the false brothers secretly brought in, who stole in to spy out our liberty which we have in Christ Jesus, that they might bring us into bondage; 2:5. to whom we gave no place in the way of subjection, not for an hour, that the truth of the Good News might continue with you. 2:6. But from those who were reputed to be important (whatever they were, it makes no difference to me; God doesn’t show partiality to man), they, I say, who were respected imparted nothing to me, 2:7. but to the contrary, when they saw that I had been entrusted with the Good News for the uncircumcision, even as Peter with the Good News for the circumcision 2:8. (for he who appointed Peter to the apostleship of the circumcision appointed me also to the Gentiles); 2:9. and when they perceived the grace that was given to me, James and Cephas and John, they who were reputed to be pillars, gave to me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, that we should go to the Gentiles, and they to the circumcision. 2:10. They only asked us to remember the poor, which very thing I was also zealous to do.** > > 2:11. But when Peter came to Antioch, I resisted him to his face, because he stood condemned. 2:12. For before some people came from James, he ate with the Gentiles. But when they came, he drew back and separated himself, fearing those who were of the circumcision. (Galatians 1:9-2:12, WEB) **KJV** ([KJV](/codex/kjv/)) > 9. As we said before, so say I now again, If any man preach any other gospel unto you than that ye have received, let him be accursed. 10. For do I now persuade men, or God? or do I seek to please men? for if I yet pleased men, I should not be the servant of Christ. > > **11. But I certify you, brethren, that the gospel which was preached of me is not after man. 12. For I neither received it of man, neither was I taught it, but by the revelation of Jesus Christ. 13. For ye have heard of my conversation in time past in the Jews' religion, how that beyond measure I persecuted the church of God, and wasted it: 14. And profited in the Jews' religion above many my equals in mine own nation, being more exceedingly zealous of the traditions of my fathers. equals: Gr. equals in years 15. But when it pleased God, who separated me from my mother's womb, and called me by his grace, 16. To reveal his Son in me, that I might preach him among the heathen; immediately I conferred not with flesh and blood: 17. Neither went I up to Jerusalem to them which were apostles before me; but I went into Arabia, and returned again unto Damascus. 18. Then after three years I went up to Jerusalem to see Peter, and abode with him fifteen days. went up: or, returned 19. But other of the apostles saw I none, save James the Lord's brother. 20. Now the things which I write unto you, behold, before God, I lie not. 21. Afterwards I came into the regions of Syria and Cilicia; 22. And was unknown by face unto the churches of Judaea which were in Christ: 23. But they had heard only, That he which persecuted us in times past now preacheth the faith which once he destroyed. 24. And they glorified God in me. 2:1. Then fourteen years after I went up again to Jerusalem with Barnabas, and took Titus with me also. 2:2. And I went up by revelation, and communicated unto them that gospel which I preach among the Gentiles, but privately to them which were of reputation, lest by any means I should run, or had run, in vain. privately: or, severally 2:3. But neither Titus, who was with me, being a Greek, was compelled to be circumcised: 2:4. And that because of false brethren unawares brought in, who came in privily to spy out our liberty which we have in Christ Jesus, that they might bring us into bondage: 2:5. To whom we gave place by subjection, no, not for an hour; that the truth of the gospel might continue with you. 2:6. But of these who seemed to be somewhat, (whatsoever they were, it maketh no matter to me: God accepteth no man's person:) for they who seemed to be somewhat in conference added nothing to me: 2:7. But contrariwise, when they saw that the gospel of the uncircumcision was committed unto me, as the gospel of the circumcision was unto Peter; 2:8. (For he that wrought effectually in Peter to the apostleship of the circumcision, the same was mighty in me toward the Gentiles:) 2:9. And when James, Cephas, and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that was given unto me, they gave to me and Barnabas the right hands of fellowship; that we should go unto the heathen, and they unto the circumcision. 2:10. Only they would that we should remember the poor; the same which I also was forward to do.** > > 2:11. But when Peter was come to Antioch, I withstood him to the face, because he was to be blamed. 2:12. For before that certain came from James, he did eat with the Gentiles: but when they were come, he withdrew and separated himself, fearing them which were of the circumcision. (Galatians 1:9-2:12, KJV) **YLT** ([YLT](/codex/ylt/)) > 9. as we have said before, and now say again, If any one to you may proclaim good news different from what ye did receive, anathema let him be! 10. for now men do I persuade, or God? or do I seek to please men? for if yet men I did please, Christ's servant I should not be. > > **11. And I make known to you, brethren, the good news that were proclaimed by me, that it is not according to man, 12. for neither did I from man receive it, nor was I taught [it], but through a revelation of Jesus Christ, 13. for ye did hear of my behaviour once in Judaism, that exceedingly I was persecuting the assembly of God, and wasting it, 14. and I was advancing in Judaism above many equals in age in mine own race, being more abundantly zealous of my fathers' deliverances, 15. and when God was well pleased, having separated me from the womb of my mother, and having called [me] through His grace 16. to reveal His Son in me, that I might proclaim him good news among the nations, immediately I conferred not with flesh and blood, 17. nor did I go up to Jerusalem unto those who were apostles before me, but I went away to Arabia, and again returned to Damascus, 18. then, after three years I went up to Jerusalem to enquire about Peter, and remained with him fifteen days, 19. and other of the apostles I did not see, except James, the brother of the Lord. 20. And the things that I write to you, lo, before God, I lie not; 21. then I came to the regions of Syria and of Cilicia, 22. and was unknown by face to the assemblies of Judea, that [are] in Christ, 23. and only they were hearing, that 'he who is persecuting us then, doth now proclaim good news, the faith that then he was wasting;' 24. and they were glorifying God in me. 2:1. Then, after fourteen years again I went up to Jerusalem with Barnabas, having taken with me also Titus; 2:2. and I went up by revelation, and did submit to them the good news that I preach among the nations, and privately to those esteemed, lest in vain I might run or did run; 2:3. but not even Titus, who [is] with me, being a Greek, was compelled to be circumcised 2:4. and [that] because of the false brethren brought in unawares, who did come in privily to spy out our liberty that we have in Christ Jesus, that us they might bring under bondage, 2:5. to whom not even for an hour we gave place by subjection, that the truth of the good news might remain to you. 2:6. And from those who were esteemed to be something, whatever they were then, it maketh no difference to me, the face of man God accepteth not, for, to me those esteemed did add nothing, 2:7. but, on the contrary, having seen that I have been entrusted with the good news of the uncircumcision, as Peter with [that] of the circumcision, 2:8. for He who did work with Peter to the apostleship of the circumcision, did work also in me in regard to the nations, 2:9. and having known the grace that was given to me, James, and Cephas, and John, who were esteemed to be pillars, a right hand of fellowship they did give to me, and to Barnabas, that we to the nations, and they to the circumcision [may go], 2:10. only, of the poor that we should be mindful, which also I was diligent, this very thing, to do.** > > 2:11. And when Peter came to Antioch, to the face I stood up against him, because he was blameworthy, 2:12. for before the coming of certain from James, with the nations he was eating, and when they came, he was withdrawing and separating himself, fearing those of the circumcision, (Galatians 1:9-2:12, YLT) ## Setting - **Speaker:** _TBD_ - **Audience:** _TBD_ - **Location:** _TBD_ - **Time period:** _TBD_ ## Theological reading _Patristic / early-church-father exegesis, to be added._ ## Key words _Theologically-loaded Greek or Hebrew words in this verse may have entries in the lexicon. Curated to roughly 100 contested terms across the corpus, not every word._ - _TBD_ - _TBD_ - _TBD_ - _TBD_ ## Quoted in **Arguments and defeaters:** - [Anonymous Gospels Objection Defeater](/codex/anonymous-gospels-objection-defeater/), via [Galatians 1.1](/codex/galatians-1-1/) - [Argument from the Resurrection](/codex/argument-from-the-resurrection/), via [Galatians 1](/codex/galatians-1/), [Galatians 1.11-17](/codex/galatians-1-11-17/), [Galatians 1.13-14](/codex/galatians-1-13-14/), [Galatians 1.18-19](/codex/galatians-1-18-19/), [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/) - [Argument from Transformed Lives](/codex/argument-from-transformed-lives/), via [Galatians 1.13-17](/codex/galatians-1-13-17/) - [Causal Adequacy Argument](/codex/causal-adequacy-argument/), via [Galatians 1.18-19](/codex/galatians-1-18-19/), [Galatians 1.2](/codex/galatians-1-2/) - [Christ Before Jesus Thesis Defeater](/codex/christ-before-jesus-thesis-defeater/), via [Galatians 1.18-19](/codex/galatians-1-18-19/) - [Christian God is the Only True God](/codex/christian-god-is-the-only-true-god/), via [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/) - [Christians Not Under Mosaic Law](/codex/christians-not-under-mosaic-law/), via [Galatians 1.6-9](/codex/galatians-1-6-9/) - [Crucifixion Denial Refutation](/codex/crucifixion-denial-refutation/), via [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/) - [Divine Jealousy Is Covenantal Zeal (Defeater)](/codex/divine-jealousy-is-covenantal-zeal-defeater/), via [Galatians 1.14](/codex/galatians-1-14/) - [Ibn Kathir Affirms Paul as Messenger Argument](/codex/ibn-kathir-affirms-paul-as-messenger-argument/), via [Galatians 1](/codex/galatians-1/) - [Jesus Is an Egregore Objection Defeater](/codex/jesus-is-an-egregore-objection-defeater/), via [Galatians 1.13-16](/codex/galatians-1-13-16/) - [Jesus Was Not Buried in a Tomb Objection Defeater](/codex/jesus-was-not-buried-in-a-tomb-objection-defeater/), via [Galatians 1.18](/codex/galatians-1-18/), [Galatians 1.18-19](/codex/galatians-1-18-19/) - [Minimal Facts Argument](/codex/minimal-facts-argument/), via [Galatians 1.13-14](/codex/galatians-1-13-14/), [Galatians 1.15-16](/codex/galatians-1-15-16/), [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/), [Galatians 1.2](/codex/galatians-1-2/) - [Mythicism Refutation](/codex/mythicism-refutation/) - [Paul Invented Christianity Objection Defeater](/codex/paul-invented-christianity-objection-defeater/), via [Galatians 1](/codex/galatians-1/), [Galatians 1.11-12](/codex/galatians-1-11-12/), [Galatians 1.18-19](/codex/galatians-1-18-19/), [Galatians 1.20](/codex/galatians-1-20/) - [Sacred Name Yahawah Yahawashi Required for Salvation Objection Defeater](/codex/sacred-name-yahawah-yahawashi-required-for-salvation-objection-defeater/), via [Galatians 1.8-9](/codex/galatians-1-8-9/) - [Stolen Body Hypothesis Defeater](/codex/stolen-body-hypothesis-defeater/), via [Galatians 1.18-19](/codex/galatians-1-18-19/) - [The Bible Is Just Second-Hand Sources Objection Defeater](/codex/the-bible-is-just-second-hand-sources-objection-defeater/), via [Galatians 1.11-12](/codex/galatians-1-11-12/), [Galatians 1.18](/codex/galatians-1-18/) - [Why Didnt Jesus Write Anything Himself Objection Defeater](/codex/why-didnt-jesus-write-anything-himself-objection-defeater/), via [Galatians 1.18](/codex/galatians-1-18/) **Concepts:** - [Apostle](/codex/apostle/), via [Galatians 1.1](/codex/galatians-1-1/), [Galatians 1.11-12](/codex/galatians-1-11-12/), [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/), [Galatians 1.8-9](/codex/galatians-1-8-9/) - [Christian Discernment](/codex/christian-discernment/), via [Galatians 1.8-9](/codex/galatians-1-8-9/) - [Christian Muslim Defender](/codex/christian-muslim-defender/), via [Galatians 1.8](/codex/galatians-1-8/) - [Church in Galatia](/codex/church-in-galatia/), via [Galatians 1](/codex/galatians-1/), [Galatians 1.6-9](/codex/galatians-1-6-9/) - [Churches the Disciples Started](/codex/churches-the-disciples-started/), via [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/) - [Conversation Scenarios](/codex/conversation-scenarios/), via [Galatians 1.8](/codex/galatians-1-8/) - [Hearing God](/codex/hearing-god/), via [Galatians 1.8](/codex/galatians-1-8/) - [James Ossuary](/codex/james-ossuary/), via [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/) - [Mormonism](/codex/mormonism/), via [Galatians 1.6-9](/codex/galatians-1-6-9/) - [NT Geographical Reliability](/codex/nt-geographical-reliability/), via [Galatians 1.17](/codex/galatians-1-17/) - [Penal Substitutionary Atonement](/codex/penal-substitutionary-atonement/), via [Galatians 1.4](/codex/galatians-1-4/) - [Plasmoid Sentience Hypothesis](/codex/plasmoid-sentience-hypothesis/), via [Galatians 1.8](/codex/galatians-1-8/) - [Pre-Pauline Creeds](/codex/pre-pauline-creeds/), via [Galatians 1.11-23](/codex/galatians-1-11-23/), [Galatians 1.13-17](/codex/galatians-1-13-17/), [Galatians 1.18](/codex/galatians-1-18/), [Galatians 1.18-19](/codex/galatians-1-18-19/), [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/), [Galatians 1.9](/codex/galatians-1-9/) - [Pro-Life Premise-Based Argument](/codex/pro-life-premise-based-argument/), via [Galatians 1.15](/codex/galatians-1-15/) - [Quick Objection Responses](/codex/quick-objection-responses/), via [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/) - [Resurrection](/codex/resurrection/), via [Galatians 1.13-16](/codex/galatians-1-13-16/), [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/) - [Resurrection of Jesus - Minimal Facts Case](/codex/resurrection-of-jesus-minimal-facts-case/), via [Galatians 1.11-17](/codex/galatians-1-11-17/), [Galatians 1.13](/codex/galatians-1-13/), [Galatians 1.18](/codex/galatians-1-18/), [Galatians 1.18-19](/codex/galatians-1-18-19/), [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/) - [Resurrection of Jesus - Naturalistic Counter-Theories](/codex/resurrection-of-jesus-naturalistic-counter-theories/), via [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/) - [Spirit of Error](/codex/spirit-of-error/), via [Galatians 1.6-9](/codex/galatians-1-6-9/) - [Zeitgeist - Constructed Religion Claims](/codex/zeitgeist-constructed-religion-claims/), via [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/) - [Zeitgeist Movie Defeater](/codex/zeitgeist-movie-defeater/), via [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/) **People:** - [James the Brother of Jesus](/codex/james-the-brother-of-jesus/), via [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/) - [James the Lesser](/codex/james-the-lesser/), via [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/) - [Josephus](/codex/josephus/), via [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/) - [Mike Licona](/codex/mike-licona/), via [Galatians 1.13-16](/codex/galatians-1-13-16/) - [Paul the Apostle](/codex/paul-the-apostle/), via [Galatians 1.17-18](/codex/galatians-1-17-18/), [Galatians 1.18-21](/codex/galatians-1-18-21/), [Galatians 1.19](/codex/galatians-1-19/) - [Simon the Zealot](/codex/simon-the-zealot/), via [Galatians 1.14](/codex/galatians-1-14/) **Lexicon:** - [G0165 - aion](/codex/g0165-aion/), via [Galatians 1.4](/codex/galatians-1-4/) - [G0331 - anathema](/codex/g0331-anathema/), via [Galatians 1.8](/codex/galatians-1-8/), [Galatians 1.8-9](/codex/galatians-1-8-9/), [Galatians 1.9](/codex/galatians-1-9/) - [G0602 - apokalypsis](/codex/g0602-apokalypsis/), via [Galatians 1.12](/codex/galatians-1-12/), [Galatians 1.16](/codex/galatians-1-16/) - [G1401 - doulos](/codex/g1401-doulos/), via [Galatians 1.10](/codex/galatians-1-10/) - [G1453 - egeiro](/codex/g1453-egeiro/), via [Galatians 1.1](/codex/galatians-1-1/) - [G2097 - euangelizo](/codex/g2097-euangelizo/), via [Galatians 1.11](/codex/galatians-1-11/), [Galatians 1.16](/codex/galatians-1-16/), [Galatians 1.23](/codex/galatians-1-23/), [Galatians 1.8-9](/codex/galatians-1-8-9/) - [G2098 - euangelion](/codex/g2098-euangelion/), via [Galatians 1.6-9](/codex/galatians-1-6-9/) - [G2205 - zelos](/codex/g2205-zelos/), via [Galatians 1.14](/codex/galatians-1-14/) - [G3860 - paradidomi](/codex/g3860-paradidomi/), via [Galatians 1.14](/codex/galatians-1-14/), [Galatians 1.18](/codex/galatians-1-18/) - [G4982 - sozo](/codex/g4982-sozo/), via [Galatians 1.4](/codex/galatians-1-4/) - [G5485 - charis](/codex/g5485-charis/), via [Galatians 1.3](/codex/galatians-1-3/) - [H2763 - charam](/codex/h2763-charam/), via [Galatians 1.8-9](/codex/galatians-1-8-9/) - [H2764 - cherem](/codex/h2764-cherem/), via [Galatians 1.8-9](/codex/galatians-1-8-9/) ## Notes _Your annotations._ ## Why these four translations ris3n chose ASV, WEB, KJV, and YLT for two reasons together. They are the **most literal English translations available** (formal-equivalence: word-for-word renderings that preserve the Hebrew and Greek grammar rather than smoothing it into modern dynamic-equivalence idiom). And they are in the **public domain in the United States**, which means fair-use quotation at any length requires no publisher license. Modern licensed translations (NASB95, ESV, NIV) restrict volume of quotation under their copyright terms, so they are not used at stub-level coverage here. NASB95 appears only on hand-curated rich passage hubs under Lockman Foundation's fair-use allowance. The four: - **[ASV](/codex/asv/)** (American Standard Version, 1901). The basis of the modern critical-text English tradition. - **[WEB](/codex/web/)** (World English Bible, contemporary). Public-domain revision in the ASV line, in current English. - **[KJV](/codex/kjv/)** (King James Version, 1611). Reformation-era, Textus Receptus base. - **[YLT](/codex/ylt/)** (Young's Literal Translation, Robert Young, 1862). Hyper-literal preservation of Hebrew and Greek grammar; useful for word-study work even where English reads stiff. See [Bibles](/codex/bibles/) for the full per-translation history, translators, textual basis, strengths, and weaknesses.