# Exodus 10.21-29

<!-- type: passage | created: 2026-10-13 | updated: 2026-10-13 -->

**Book:** [Exodus](/codex/exodus/) · NASB95

## Immediate context (±2 verses)

**ASV** ([ASV](/codex/asv/))
> 19. And Jehovah turned an exceeding strong west wind, which took up the locusts, and drove them into the Red Sea; there remained not one locust in all the border of Egypt. 20. But Jehovah hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go.
>
> **21. And Jehovah said unto Moses, Stretch out thy hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt. 22. And Moses stretched forth his hand toward heaven; and there was a thick darkness in all the land of Egypt three days; 23. they saw not one another, neither rose any one from his place for three days: but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings. 24. And Pharaoh called unto Moses, and said, Go ye, serve Jehovah; only let your flocks and your herds be stayed: let your little ones also go with you. 25. And Moses said, Thou must also give into our hand sacrifices and burnt-offerings, that we may sacrifice unto Jehovah our God. 26. Our cattle also shall go with us; there shall not a hoof be left behind; for thereof must we take to serve Jehovah our God; and we know not with what we must serve Jehovah, until we come thither. 27. But Jehovah hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he would not let them go. 28. And Pharaoh said unto him, Get thee from me, take heed to thyself, see my face no more; for in the day thou seest my face thou shalt die. 29. And Moses said, Thou hast spoken well; I will see thy face again no more.** (Exodus 10:19-29, ASV)

**WEB** ([WEB](/codex/web/))
> 19. Yahweh turned an exceeding strong west wind, which took up the locusts, and drove them into the Red Sea. There remained not one locust in all the borders of Egypt. 20. But Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he didn’t let the children of Israel go.
>
> **21. Yahweh said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward the sky, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt.” 22. Moses stretched out his hand toward the sky, and there was a thick darkness in all the land of Egypt for three days. 23. They didn’t see one another, and nobody rose from his place for three days; but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings. 24. Pharaoh called to Moses, and said, “Go, serve Yahweh. Only let your flocks and your herds stay behind. Let your little ones also go with you.” 25. Moses said, “You must also give into our hand sacrifices and burnt offerings, that we may sacrifice to Yahweh our God. 26. Our livestock also shall go with us. Not a hoof shall be left behind, for of it we must take to serve Yahweh our God; and we don’t know with what we must serve Yahweh, until we come there.” 27. But Yahweh hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he wouldn’t let them go. 28. Pharaoh said to him, “Get away from me! Be careful to see my face no more; for in the day you see my face you shall die!” 29. Moses said, “You have spoken well. I will see your face again no more.”** (Exodus 10:19-29, WEB)

**KJV** ([KJV](/codex/kjv/))
> 19. And the LORD turned a mighty strong west wind, which took away the locusts, and cast them into the Red sea; there remained not one locust in all the coasts of Egypt. <sup>cast: Heb. fastened</sup> 20. But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go.
>
> **21. And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch out thine hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt. <sup>even: Heb. that one may feel darkness</sup> 22. And Moses stretched forth his hand toward heaven; and there was a thick darkness in all the land of Egypt three days: 23. They saw not one another, neither rose any from his place for three days: but all the children of Israel had light in their dwellings. 24. And Pharaoh called unto Moses, and said, Go ye, serve the LORD; only let your flocks and your herds be stayed: let your little ones also go with you. 25. And Moses said, Thou must give us also sacrifices and burnt offerings, that we may sacrifice unto the LORD our God. <sup>us: Heb. into our hands</sup> 26. Our cattle also shall go with us; there shall not an hoof be left behind; for thereof must we take to serve the LORD our God; and we know not with what we must serve the LORD, until we come thither. 27. But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he would not let them go. 28. And Pharaoh said unto him, Get thee from me, take heed to thyself, see my face no more; for in that day thou seest my face thou shalt die. 29. And Moses said, Thou hast spoken well, I will see thy face again no more.** (Exodus 10:19-29, KJV)

**YLT** ([YLT](/codex/ylt/))
> 19. and Jehovah turneth a very strong sea wind, and it lifteth up the locust, and bloweth it into the Red Sea, there hath not been left one locust in all the border of Egypt; 20. and Jehovah strengtheneth the heart of Pharaoh, and he hath not sent the sons of Israel away.
>
> **21. And Jehovah saith unto Moses, 'Stretch out thy hand towards the heavens, and there is darkness over the land of Egypt, and the darkness is felt.' 22. And Moses stretcheth out his hand towards the heavens, and there is darkness, thick darkness in all the land of Egypt three days; 23. they have not seen one another, and none hath risen from his place three days; and to all the sons of Israel there hath been light in their dwellings.' 24. And Pharaoh calleth unto Moses and saith, 'Go ye, serve Jehovah, only your flock and your herd are stayed, your infants also go with you;' 25. and Moses saith, 'Thou also dost give in our hand sacrifices and burnt-offerings, and we have prepared for Jehovah our God; 26. and also our cattle doth go with us, there is not left a hoof, for from it we do take to serve Jehovah our God; and we, we know not how we do serve Jehovah till our going thither.' 27. And Jehovah strengtheneth the heart of Pharaoh, and he hath not been willing to send them away; 28. and Pharaoh saith to him, 'Go from me, take heed to thyself, add not to see my face, for in the day thou seest my face thou diest;' 29. and Moses saith, 'Rightly hast thou spoken, I add not any more to see thy face.'** (Exodus 10:19-29, YLT)

## Setting

- **Speaker:** _TBD_
- **Audience:** _TBD_
- **Location:** _TBD_
- **Time period:** _TBD_

## Theological reading

_Patristic / early-church-father exegesis, to be added._

## Key words

_Theologically-loaded Greek or Hebrew words in this verse may have entries in the lexicon. Curated to roughly 100 contested terms across the corpus, not every word._

- _TBD_
- _TBD_
- _TBD_
- _TBD_

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## Quoted in

**Concepts:**

- [Hardening Pharaohs Heart](/codex/hardening-pharaohs-heart/), via [Exodus 10.27](/codex/exodus-10-27/)
- [Plagues of Egypt](/codex/plagues-of-egypt/)
- [The Passion of Christ](/codex/the-passion-of-christ/), via [Exodus 10.22-23](/codex/exodus-10-22-23/)

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## Notes

_Your annotations._

## Why these four translations

ris3n chose ASV, WEB, KJV, and YLT for two reasons together. They are the **most literal English translations available** (formal-equivalence: word-for-word renderings that preserve the Hebrew and Greek grammar rather than smoothing it into modern dynamic-equivalence idiom). And they are in the **public domain in the United States**, which means fair-use quotation at any length requires no publisher license. Modern licensed translations (NASB95, ESV, NIV) restrict volume of quotation under their copyright terms, so they are not used at stub-level coverage here. NASB95 appears only on hand-curated rich passage hubs under Lockman Foundation's fair-use allowance.

The four:

- **[ASV](/codex/asv/)** (American Standard Version, 1901). The basis of the modern critical-text English tradition.
- **[WEB](/codex/web/)** (World English Bible, contemporary). Public-domain revision in the ASV line, in current English.
- **[KJV](/codex/kjv/)** (King James Version, 1611). Reformation-era, Textus Receptus base.
- **[YLT](/codex/ylt/)** (Young's Literal Translation, Robert Young, 1862). Hyper-literal preservation of Hebrew and Greek grammar; useful for word-study work even where English reads stiff.

See [Bibles](/codex/bibles/) for the full per-translation history, translators, textual basis, strengths, and weaknesses.