# 1 Corinthians 15.3-7 --- type: passage created: 2026-05-28 updated: 2026-06-01 book: 1 Corinthians chapter: 15 verses: "3-7" translation_default: NASB95 tags: [scripture, creed, resurrection, kerygma, minimal-facts, pre-pauline] citation_count: 0 enriched: true aliases: ["1 Corinthians 15:3-7", "1 Cor 15:3-7", "1 Cor 15.3-7", "creed", "early creedal formula", "pre-Pauline creed", "Cephas and the twelve and the five hundred", "kerygma"] --- # 1 Corinthians 15.3-7 > For I delivered to you as of first importance what I also received, that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, and that He was buried, and that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, and that He appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve. After that He appeared to more than five hundred brethren at one time, most of whom remain until now, but some have fallen asleep; then He appeared to James, then to all the apostles. (1 Corinthians 15:3-7, NASB95) This passage is the **earliest extant Christian creed**, embedded by Paul into 1 Corinthians (written c. AD 55-56) but received as pre-existing tradition almost certainly during his Jerusalem visit c. AD 35-38 (cf. [Galatians 1.18](/codex/galatians-1-18/)). Scholars across the confessional spectrum, including skeptics like Gerd Lüdemann, Bart Ehrman, and the late Maurice Casey, date the creed itself to within roughly two to five years of the crucifixion. It is the **single strongest textual datum** for very-early Christian belief in Jesus's bodily resurrection and forms the load-bearing premise of [Gary Habermas](/codex/gary-habermas/) and [Mike Licona](/codex/mike-licona/)'s [minimal-facts case](/codex/resurrection-of-jesus-minimal-facts-case/) for the resurrection. ## Immediate context (±2 verses) **ASV** ([ASV](/codex/asv/)) > 1. Now I make known unto you brethren, the gospel which I preached unto you, which also ye received, wherein also ye stand, 2. by which also ye are saved, if ye hold fast the word which I preached unto you, except ye believed in vain. > > **3. For I delivered unto you first of all that which also I received: that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures; 4. and that he was buried; and that he hath been raised on the third day according to the scriptures; 5. and that he appeared to Cephas; then to the twelve; 6. then he appeared to above five hundred brethren at once, of whom the greater part remain until now, but some are fallen asleep; 7. then he appeared to James; then to all the apostles;** > > 8. and last of all, as to the child untimely born, he appeared to me also. 9. For I am the least of the apostles, that am not meet to be called an apostle, because I persecuted the church of God. (1 Corinthians 15:1-9, ASV) **WEB** ([WEB](/codex/web/)) > 1. Now I declare to you, brothers, the Good News which I preached to you, which also you received, in which you also stand, 2. by which also you are saved, if you hold firmly the word which I preached to you, unless you believed in vain. > > **3. For I delivered to you first of all that which I also received: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, 4. that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures, 5. and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve. 6. Then he appeared to over five hundred brothers at once, most of whom remain until now, but some have also fallen asleep. 7. Then he appeared to James, then to all the apostles,** > > 8. and last of all, as to the child born at the wrong time, he appeared to me also. 9. For I am the least of the apostles, who is not worthy to be called an apostle, because I persecuted the assembly of God. (1 Corinthians 15:1-9, WEB) **KJV** ([KJV](/codex/kjv/)) > 1. Moreover, brethren, I declare unto you the gospel which I preached unto you, which also ye have received, and wherein ye stand; 2. By which also ye are saved, if ye keep in memory what I preached unto you, unless ye have believed in vain. > > **3. For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures; 4. And that he was buried, and that he rose again the third day according to the scriptures: 5. And that he was seen of Cephas, then of the twelve: 6. After that, he was seen of above five hundred brethren at once; of whom the greater part remain unto this present, but some are fallen asleep. 7. After that, he was seen of James; then of all the apostles.** > > 8. And last of all he was seen of me also, as of one born out of due time. 9. For I am the least of the apostles, that am not meet to be called an apostle, because I persecuted the church of God. (1 Corinthians 15:1-9, KJV) **YLT** ([YLT](/codex/ylt/)) > 1. And I make known to you, brethren, the good news that I proclaimed to you, which also ye did receive, in which also ye have stood, 2. through which also ye are being saved, in what words I proclaimed good news to you, if ye hold fast, except ye did believe in vain, > > **3. for I delivered to you first, what also I did receive, that Christ died for our sins, according to the Writings, 4. and that he was buried, and that he hath risen on the third day, according to the Writings, 5. and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve, 6. afterwards he appeared to above five hundred brethren at once, of whom the greater part remain till now, and certain also did fall asleep; 7. afterwards he appeared to James, then to all the apostles.** > > 8. And last of all, as to the untimely birth, he appeared also to me, 9. for I am the least of the apostles, who am not worthy to be called an apostle, because I did persecute the assembly of God, (1 Corinthians 15:1-9, YLT) ## Setting - **Speaker:** [Paul the Apostle](/codex/paul-the-apostle/), citing a pre-Pauline creedal formula likely received during his Jerusalem visit with Peter and James (cf. [Galatians 1.18](/codex/galatians-1-18/)) - **Audience:** the Corinthian believers, some of whom denied bodily resurrection (1 Cor 15:12) - **Location:** composed in Ephesus during Paul's third missionary journey; addressed to Corinth - **Time period:** the letter c. AD 55-56; the creed itself dated by mainstream scholarship to c. AD 30-35, within five years of the crucifixion ## Theological reading Paul flags the material as **received tradition** by the technical rabbinic verbs *paredōka* (delivered) and *parelabon* (received), the formula for transmission of authoritative oral teaching. He places it *en prōtois* ("of first importance"), signaling that what follows is not Paul's innovation but the apostolic deposit. Several features mark the unit as pre-Pauline composition: 1. **Parallel four-clause structure** ("Christ died... He was buried... He was raised... He appeared") with each clause introduced by *hoti*. 2. **Non-Pauline vocabulary**: *hyper tōn hamartiōn hēmōn* ("for our sins") in the plural; the Aramaic name *Kēphas* for Peter; *hoi dōdeka* ("the twelve") even though Judas was gone (a fossilized title that survived the gap). 3. **Semitic syntax** beneath the Greek surface, including the *kata tas graphas* refrain. 4. **Creedal cadence** identifiable from oral catechesis patterns. The dating to within roughly 30-35 AD rests on: Paul's conversion c. AD 33-35 (Gal 1:15-16); his three-year wait then Jerusalem visit (Gal 1:18); his explicit statement that he received this creed prior to his Corinthian preaching; and the linguistic priors. **Even Bart Ehrman dates the creed to within months to a couple of years of the crucifixion**, making it the closest textual window into the earliest church's belief that we possess. The resurrection claim is therefore not a late legendary accretion. It is the founding kerygma. The named **appearance witnesses**, Cephas, the twelve, the five hundred (most still alive when Paul writes, an implicit invitation to verify), James the brother of Jesus, all the apostles, and Paul himself, constitute the creed's evidential teeth. The five hundred clause is especially load-bearing: Paul names a verifiable group of witnesses still living, which would be reckless if no such appearance had occurred and the Corinthians could check. James's named appearance is also significant: he was a skeptic during Jesus's ministry (Mark 3:21; John 7:5) and became the leader of the Jerusalem church (Acts 15; Gal 2:9), a conversion-trajectory the resurrection-appearance explains. The creed is the foundation of the [minimal-facts case](/codex/resurrection-of-jesus-minimal-facts-case/) developed by [Gary Habermas](/codex/gary-habermas/) and [Mike Licona](/codex/mike-licona/): a small set of facts conceded by the great majority of critical scholars (Jesus died by crucifixion; the disciples believed He appeared to them; the church's enemy Paul was converted by what he took to be an appearance; the skeptic James was converted by what he took to be an appearance; the tomb was found empty by the women) is best explained by the historical occurrence of the resurrection. 1 Corinthians 15:3-7 is the textual anchor of facts two through four. ## Key words - [G3860 - paradidomi](/codex/g3860-paradidomi/), *paradidōmi*, "to deliver / hand on (the technical verb of authoritative tradition-transmission) - [G1453 - egeiro](/codex/g1453-egeiro/), *egeirō*, "to raise (the perfect passive *egēgertai*, "He has been raised and remains raised") - _Pending lexicon expansion for ophthē (appeared) and en prōtois (of first importance)._ ## Theological themes - **Early-creedal kerygma**, the founding apostolic confession, not late legend - **Bodily resurrection**, the four-clause sequence (died, buried, raised, appeared) entails physical, not merely visionary, resurrection - **Witness chain**, named, datable, partially-verifiable appearance witnesses - **Substitutionary atonement**, *hyper tōn hamartiōn hēmōn* ("for our sins") embedded in the earliest confession - **Scriptural fulfillment**, *kata tas graphas* refrain ties the events to OT prophecy ## Cross-references - [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/), the related passage including the appearance to Paul - [Galatians 1.18](/codex/galatians-1-18/), Paul's Jerusalem visit when the creed was likely received - [Acts 2.22-36](/codex/acts-2-22-36/), Peter's Pentecost kerygma showing the same four-clause shape - [Romans 4.25](/codex/romans-4-25/), delivered for our trespasses and raised for our justification - [1 Corinthians 15.12-20](/codex/1-corinthians-15-12-20/), Paul's argument that without resurrection faith is vain ## See also - [Paul the Apostle](/codex/paul-the-apostle/), the letter's author and creed's transmitter - [Gary Habermas](/codex/gary-habermas/), the minimal-facts foundation - [Resurrection of Jesus](/codex/resurrection-of-jesus/), the doctrinal hub - [Resurrection of Jesus - Minimal Facts Case](/codex/resurrection-of-jesus-minimal-facts-case/), the specific argument - [Resurrection of Jesus - Scholarly Landscape](/codex/resurrection-of-jesus-scholarly-landscape/), the scholarly-consensus mapping - [Lesson 5.2, Recognition Signals](/codex/lesson-5-2-recognition-signals/) ## Quoted in **Arguments and defeaters:** - [Animal Sacrifice Objection Defeater](/codex/animal-sacrifice-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3/) - [Anonymous Gospels Objection Defeater](/codex/anonymous-gospels-objection-defeater/) - [Anthropology Defeats Christianity Objection Defeater](/codex/anthropology-defeats-christianity-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Argument from Miracles](/codex/argument-from-miracles/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/), [1 Corinthians 15.6](/codex/1-corinthians-15-6/) - [Argument from Prophecy Fulfillment](/codex/argument-from-prophecy-fulfillment/) - [Argument from Religious Experience](/codex/argument-from-religious-experience/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/), [1 Corinthians 15.5-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-5-8/) - [Argument from the Fear of Death](/codex/argument-from-the-fear-of-death/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Argument from the Information-Conservation Convergence](/codex/argument-from-the-information-conservation-convergence/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Argument from the Memory-Continuity Convergence](/codex/argument-from-the-memory-continuity-convergence/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Argument from the Narrative-Identity Convergence](/codex/argument-from-the-narrative-identity-convergence/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Argument from the Proportionate-Causality Convergence](/codex/argument-from-the-proportionate-causality-convergence/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Argument from the Resurrection](/codex/argument-from-the-resurrection/) - [Argument from the Universal Burial Convergence](/codex/argument-from-the-universal-burial-convergence/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Argument from the Universal Storytelling Convergence](/codex/argument-from-the-universal-storytelling-convergence/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Argument from Twin Asymmetries](/codex/argument-from-twin-asymmetries/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-4](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-4/) - [Causal Adequacy Argument](/codex/argument-from-the-proportionate-causality-convergence/) - [Christ Before Jesus Thesis Defeater](/codex/christ-before-jesus-thesis-defeater/) - [Christian God is the Only True God](/codex/christian-god-is-the-only-true-god/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Conditional Immortality from Text-First Method](/codex/conditional-immortality-from-text-first-method/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Crucifixion Denial in Islam Objection Defeater](/codex/crucifixion-denial-in-islam-objection-defeater/) - [Crucifixion Denial Refutation](/codex/crucifixion-denial-refutation/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-4](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-4/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Cumulative Case for the Deity of Christ](/codex/cumulative-case-for-the-deity-of-christ/) - [Cursed Messiah Objection Defeater](/codex/cursed-messiah-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/), [1 Corinthians 15.6](/codex/1-corinthians-15-6/) - [Did Jesus Send Muhammad Dilemma Argument](/codex/did-jesus-send-muhammad-dilemma-argument/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Divine Hiddenness Objection Defeater](/codex/divine-hiddenness-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15.6](/codex/1-corinthians-15-6/) - [Five Pillars Outside Quran Objection Defeater](/codex/five-pillars-outside-quran-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Gospels Are Constructed Encomium Objection Defeater](/codex/gospels-are-constructed-encomium-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Ibn Kathir Affirms Paul as Messenger Argument](/codex/ibn-kathir-affirms-paul-as-messenger-argument/) - [Inherited Guilt and Visiting Iniquity Objection Defeater](/codex/inherited-guilt-and-visiting-iniquity-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Jesus Was Not Buried in a Tomb Objection Defeater](/codex/jesus-was-not-buried-in-a-tomb-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-4](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-4/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/), [1 Corinthians 15.4](/codex/1-corinthians-15-4/) - [Jesus Was Not Dead Three Days and Three Nights Objection Defeater](/codex/jesus-was-not-dead-three-days-and-three-nights-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15.4](/codex/1-corinthians-15-4/) - [Job Bet Objection Defeater](/codex/job-bet-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Liar Lunatic or Lord](/codex/liar-lunatic-or-lord/) - [Manuscript Variants Bible Corruption Objection Defeater](/codex/manuscript-variants-bible-corruption-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Marks Ending Proves the Resurrection Was Invented Objection Defeater](/codex/marks-ending-proves-the-resurrection-was-invented-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Minimal Facts Argument](/codex/minimal-facts-argument/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Mythicism Refutation](/codex/mythicism-refutation/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Nag Hammadi Suppressed Gospels Objection Defeater](/codex/nag-hammadi-suppressed-gospels-objection-defeater/) - [Necessity of the Incarnation](/codex/necessity-of-the-incarnation/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [No One Can Die For Another Objection Defeater](/codex/no-one-can-die-for-another-objection-defeater/) - [Paul Invented Christianity Objection Defeater](/codex/paul-invented-christianity-objection-defeater/) - [Religious Pluralism Objection Defeater](/codex/religious-pluralism-objection-defeater/) - [Resurrection-Centric Growth Argument](/codex/resurrection-centric-growth-argument/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/), [1 Corinthians 15.5-7](/codex/1-corinthians-15-5-7/), [1 Corinthians 15.6](/codex/1-corinthians-15-6/) - [Sacred Name Yahawah Yahawashi Required for Salvation Objection Defeater](/codex/sacred-name-yahawah-yahawashi-required-for-salvation-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-5](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-5/) - [Satanic Fabrication Objection Defeater](/codex/satanic-fabrication-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Stolen Body Hypothesis Defeater](/codex/stolen-body-hypothesis-defeater/) - [The Gospels Copied Each Other Objection Defeater](/codex/the-gospels-copied-each-other-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [The Resurrection Accounts Contradict Objection Defeater](/codex/the-resurrection-accounts-contradict-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Trinity Invented at Nicaea Objection Defeater](/codex/trinity-invented-at-nicaea-objection-defeater/) - [Why Didnt Jesus Write Anything Himself Objection Defeater](/codex/why-didnt-jesus-write-anything-himself-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-5](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-5/) - [Why Doesn't God Heal Amputees Objection Defeater](/codex/why-doesnt-god-heal-amputees-objection-defeater/), via [1 Corinthians 15.6](/codex/1-corinthians-15-6/) **Concepts:** - [Anti-Muslim Polemic Quality-Control](/codex/anti-muslim-polemic-quality-control/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Apologetics](/codex/apologetics/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Apostle](/codex/apostle/), via [1 Corinthians 15.7-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-7-8/) - [Apostles' Creed](/codex/apostles-creed/) - [Bible and Hermeneutics](/codex/bible-and-hermeneutics/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Bible Circularity Objection](/codex/bible-circularity-objection/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Biblical Dignity](/codex/biblical-dignity/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Biblical Prophecy](/codex/biblical-prophecy/) - [Christ vs Other Religion-Founders](/codex/christ-vs-other-religion-founders/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Christian Muslim Defender](/codex/christian-muslim-defender/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Christianity](/codex/christianity/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Christology](/codex/christology/) - [Church at Corinth](/codex/church-at-corinth/) - [Dawah to Muslims](/codex/dawah-to-muslims/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-6](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-6/) - [Debate Logic Toolkit](/codex/debate-logic-toolkit/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Dying and Rising God Motif](/codex/dying-and-rising-god-motif/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Eschatology](/codex/eschatology/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Faith](/codex/h0530-emunah/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Federal Headship](/codex/romans-5-12-21/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Gospel](/codex/g2098-euangelion/), via [1 Corinthians 15.1-4](/codex/1-corinthians-15-1-4/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-4](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-4/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/), [1 Corinthians 15.5-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-5-8/) - [Hard Questions for Atheists](/codex/hard-questions-for-atheists/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Islamic Dilemma](/codex/islamic-dilemma/), via [1 Corinthians 15.1-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-1-8/) - [Lee Strobel (Conversion 1981)](/codex/lee-strobel-conversion-1981/) - [Lesson 2.2, The Six Structural Commitments of Christianity](/codex/lesson-2-2-the-six-structural-commitments-of-christianity/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-5](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-5/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Lesson 3.6, The Resurrection, Historical Evidential](/codex/lesson-3-6-the-resurrection-historical-evidential/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/), [1 Corinthians 15.6](/codex/1-corinthians-15-6/) - [Lesson 4.5, Comparative Religion Engagement](/codex/lesson-4-5-comparative-religion-engagement/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Lesson 5.2, Recognition Signals](/codex/lesson-5-2-recognition-signals/) - [Messianic Prophecy](/codex/messianic-prophecy/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-5](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-5/) - [Miracles](/codex/miracles/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Nabeel Qureshi (Conversion 2003-2014)](/codex/nabeel-qureshi-conversion-2003-2014/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [NT Authorship and Eyewitness Apologetics](/codex/nt-authorship-and-eyewitness-apologetics/) - [Original Sin](/codex/original-sin/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Penal Substitutionary Atonement](/codex/penal-substitutionary-atonement/) - [Petrine Primacy](/codex/petrine-primacy/), via [1 Corinthians 15.5](/codex/1-corinthians-15-5/) - [Pre-Pauline Creeds](/codex/pre-pauline-creeds/) - [Quick Objection Responses](/codex/quick-objection-responses/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/), [1 Corinthians 15.6](/codex/1-corinthians-15-6/) - [Resurrection](/codex/g0386-anastasis/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Resurrection of Jesus](/codex/resurrection-of-jesus/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Resurrection of Jesus - Minimal Facts Case](/codex/resurrection-of-jesus-minimal-facts-case/) - [Resurrection of Jesus - Naturalistic Counter-Theories](/codex/resurrection-of-jesus-naturalistic-counter-theories/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/), [1 Corinthians 15.6](/codex/1-corinthians-15-6/) - [Resurrection of Jesus - Scholarly Landscape](/codex/resurrection-of-jesus-scholarly-landscape/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Resurrection of Jesus - Theological Significance](/codex/resurrection-of-jesus-theological-significance/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Soul](/codex/h5315-nephesh/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Spiritual But Not Religious](/codex/spiritual-but-not-religious/) - [Spiritualism](/codex/spiritualism/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Synoptic Problem](/codex/synoptic-problem/) - [Tahrif](/codex/tahrif/), via [1 Corinthians 15.1-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-1-8/) - [The Muslim Defense](/codex/the-muslim-defense/) - [Theistic Evolution](/codex/theistic-evolution/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Trinity](/codex/trinity/) - [Trinity Common Objections](/codex/trinity-common-objections/) - [Trinity OT Stack (Five Texts)](/codex/trinity-ot-stack-five-texts/) - [Zeitgeist - Constructed Religion Claims](/codex/zeitgeist-constructed-religion-claims/) - [Zeitgeist - Pagan Parallels](/codex/zeitgeist-pagan-parallels/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) **People:** - [Gary Habermas](/codex/gary-habermas/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Irenaeus of Lyons](/codex/irenaeus-of-lyons/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [James the Brother of Jesus](/codex/james-the-brother-of-jesus/) - [Jesus](/codex/jesus/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-4](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-4/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Mike Licona](/codex/mike-licona/) - [Paul the Apostle](/codex/paul-the-apostle/) - [Plato](/codex/plato/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [Richard Bauckham](/codex/richard-bauckham/) **Lexicon:** - [G0386 - anastasis](/codex/g0386-anastasis/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [G1453 - egeiro](/codex/g1453-egeiro/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-4](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-4/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-5](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-5/), [1 Corinthians 15.4](/codex/1-corinthians-15-4/) - [G2098 - euangelion](/codex/g2098-euangelion/), via [1 Corinthians 15.1-4](/codex/1-corinthians-15-1-4/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [G3083 - lytron](/codex/g3083-lytron/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [G3498 - nekros](/codex/g3498-nekros/) - [G3860 - paradidomi](/codex/g3860-paradidomi/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3/), [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [G4983 - soma](/codex/g4983-soma/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [G5547 - christos](/codex/g5547-christos/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3/) - [G5590 - psyche](/codex/g5590-psyche/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [H0001 - ab](/codex/h0001-ab/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [H0120 - adam](/codex/h0120-adam/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [H4191 - mut](/codex/h4191-mut/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [H4194 - mavet](/codex/h4194-mavet/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) - [H7585 - sheol](/codex/h7585-sheol/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) **Guides:** - [02 Faith and Worldview](/codex/02-faith-and-worldview/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [03 Arguments for God](/codex/03-arguments-for-god/), via [1 Corinthians 15.3-8](/codex/1-corinthians-15-3-8/) - [Ris3n Arguments](/codex/ris3n-arguments/), via [1 Corinthians 15](/codex/1-corinthians-15/) **Passages:** - [1 Corinthians 15.14](/codex/1-corinthians-15-14/) - [1 Corinthians 15.6](/codex/1-corinthians-15-6/) - [Romans 1.3-4](/codex/romans-1-3-4/) ## Why these four translations ris3n chose ASV, WEB, KJV, and YLT for two reasons together. They are the **most literal English translations available** (formal-equivalence: word-for-word renderings that preserve the Hebrew and Greek grammar rather than smoothing it into modern dynamic-equivalence idiom). And they are in the **public domain in the United States**, which means fair-use quotation at any length requires no publisher license. Modern licensed translations (NASB95, ESV, NIV) restrict volume of quotation under their copyright terms, so they are not used at stub-level coverage here. NASB95 appears only on hand-curated rich passage hubs under Lockman Foundation's fair-use allowance. The four: - **[ASV](/codex/asv/)** (American Standard Version, 1901). The basis of the modern critical-text English tradition. - **[WEB](/codex/web/)** (World English Bible, contemporary). Public-domain revision in the ASV line, in current English. - **[KJV](/codex/kjv/)** (King James Version, 1611). Reformation-era, Textus Receptus base. - **[YLT](/codex/ylt/)** (Young's Literal Translation, Robert Young, 1862). Hyper-literal preservation of Hebrew and Greek grammar; useful for word-study work even where English reads stiff. See [Bibles](/codex/bibles/) for the full per-translation history, translators, textual basis, strengths, and weaknesses. --- _Scripture quotations taken from the **New American Standard Bible®** (NASB), Copyright © 1960, 1971, 1977, 1995 by **The Lockman Foundation**. Used by permission. All rights reserved. [www.lockman.org](https://www.lockman.org)_